ArticleCancer cell international2023
Noggin contributes to brain metastatic colonization of lung cancer cells.
Article in Cancer cell international, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protocol for generation of brain metastasis mouse model using stereotactic intracranial tumor-derived cells and modified intracarotid injection.STAR protocols · 2026Article
- CRL2BMC biology · 2025Article
- Animal models of lung cancer: Phenotypic comparison of different animal models of lung cancer and their application in the study of mechanisms.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Refining Lung Cancer Brain Metastasis Models for Spatiotemporal Dynamic Research and Personalized Therapy.Cancers · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBrain metastasis is a common complication among patients with lung cancer, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the pathogenesis of brain metastasis in lung cancer.
methodsWe established highly colonizing metastatic lung cancer cells, A549-M2, through multiple implantations of A549 human lung cancer cells in the carotid artery of athymic nude mice.
resultsCompared to parental cells (M0), M2 cells demonstrated slower growth in culture plates and soft agar, as well as lower motility and higher adhesion, key characteristics of mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). Further analysis revealed that M2 cells exhibited decreased expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers, including ZEB1 and Vimentin. M2 cells also demonstrated reduced invasiveness in co-culture systems. RNA sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis confirmed that M2 cells underwent MET. Intriguingly, depletion of Noggin, a BMP antagonist, was observed in M2 cells, and replenishment of Noggin restored suppressed migration and invasion of M2 cells. In addition, Noggin knockdown in control M0 cells promoted cell attachment and suppressed cell migration, suggesting that Noggin reduction during brain colonization causes inhibition of migration and invasion of metastatic lung cancer cells.
conclusionsOur results suggest that lung cancer cells undergo MET and lose their motility and invasiveness during brain metastatic colonization, which is dependent on Noggin.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.