Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38021227›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in human neuroscience2023

Trajectory of post-COVID brain fog, memory loss, and concentration loss in previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors: the LONG-COVID-EXP multicenter study.

César Fernández-de-Las-Peñas, Ignacio Cancela-Cilleruelo, Jorge Rodríguez-Jiménez, José A Arias-Navalón, José D Martín-Guerrero, Oscar J Pellicer-Valero, Lars Arendt-Nielsen, Margarita Cigarán-Méndez

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Cognition and Long COVID: a Review.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

César Fernández-de-Las-PeñasDepartment of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid, Spain.
Ignacio Cancela-CillerueloDepartment of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid, Spain.
Jorge Rodríguez-JiménezDepartment of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid, Spain.
José A Arias-NavalónSchool of Medicine, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, Madrid, Spain.
José D Martín-GuerreroIntelligent Data Analysis Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering, ETSE (Engineering School), Universitat de València (UV), Valencia, Spain.
Oscar J Pellicer-ValeroImage Processing Laboratory (IPL), Universitat de València, Parc Científic, Paterna, València, Spain.
Lars Arendt-NielsenCenter for Neuroplasticity and Pain, Department of Health Science and Technology, School of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Margarita Cigarán-MéndezDepartment of Psychology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Madrid, Spain.
Universidad Rey Juan Carlos · ESAalborg University · DKMech-Sense · DKParc Científic de la Universitat de València · ESUniversidad San Pablo CEU · ESUniversitat de València · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to apply Sankey plots and exponential bar plots for visualizing the trajectory of post-COVID brain fog, memory loss, and concentration loss in a cohort of previously hospitalized COVID-19 survivors. Methods: A sample of 1,266 previously hospitalized patients due to COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic were assessed at 8.4 (T1), 13.2 (T2), and 18.3 (T3) months after hospital discharge. They were asked about the presence of the following self-reported cognitive symptoms: brain fog (defined as self-perception of sluggish or fuzzy thinking), memory loss (defined as self-perception of unusual forgetfulness), and concentration loss (defined as self-perception of not being able to maintain attention). We asked about symptoms that individuals had not experienced previously, and they attributed them to the acute infection. Clinical and hospitalization data were collected from hospital medical records. Results: The Sankey plots revealed that the prevalence of post-COVID brain fog was 8.37% ( Conclusion: The use of Sankey plots shows a fluctuating evolution of post-COVID brain fog, memory loss, or concentration loss during the first years after the infection. In addition, exponential bar plots revealed a decrease in the prevalence of these symptoms during the first years after hospital discharge. No risk factors were identified in this cohort.

Indexed as

brain fogconcentrationCOVID-19memory lossSankey plots

Identifiers

PMID38021227
PMCPMC10665893
OpenAlexW4388615869

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.