ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2023
Effectiveness of Antiviral Therapy on Long COVID: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors affecting the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on post COVID-19 conditions among adults: A systematic literature review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Ensitrelvir for Asymptomatic or Mild COVID-19: An Exploratory Analysis of a Multicenter, Randomized, Phase 2b/3 Clinical Trial.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Trial
- Increase in Healthcare-Associated Infections: Is COVID-19 Responsible? A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- ACE2-PNA conjugates exploit viral endocytosis for targeted intracellular delivery and exhibit dual antiviral efficacy against SARS-CoV-2.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Early-Phase Oral Antiviral Use and Post-COVID-19 Condition in Outpatients.JAMA network open · 2026Observational
- Fragment-Based Development of NSP14 Exonuclease Inhibitors Confounded by Batch-to-Batch Variability.ACS chemical biology · 2026Article
- Population Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Cefuroxime in Plasma and Bone of Patients with Prosthetic Joint Infection: Is There Room for Dose Optimization?Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2026Article
- Bridging Gaps in Long COVID Therapy: A Review.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Long COVID in adults - a current review of the long-term health effects following SARS-CoV-2 infection.Journal of health monitoring · 2026Article
- Long COVID and the kidney.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2025Review
- Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendations for Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19.Infection & chemotherapy · 2025Review
- Association of COVID vaccinations and treatments with long COVID beyond 6 months: a case-control study on the adult population in a large integrated healthcare system in the United States from 2020 to 2023.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- Post-COVID Condition and Neuroinflammation: Possible Management with Antioxidants.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Therapeutic options for the treatment of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: a scoping review.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Association of Vitamin D Supplementation with Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) Activity, Interleukine-6 (IL-6) Levels, and Anxiety and Depression Scores in Patients with Post-COVID-19 Condition.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Involvement and Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Virus in Cardiovascular Pathology.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Long COVID in Elderly COPD Patients: Clinical Features, Pulmonary Function Decline, and Proteomic Insights.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Article
- Beyond Antivirals: Alternative Therapies for Long COVID.Viruses · 2024Review
- Long COVID and gut candidiasis: What is the existing relationship?World journal of gastroenterology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Antiviral treatment reduces the severity and mortality of SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, its effectiveness against long COVID-19 is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of antiviral drugs in preventing long COVID and related hospitalizations/deaths. Scientific and medical databases were searched from 1 January 2020 to 30 June 2023. We included observational cohort studies comparing individuals receiving early antiviral therapy for COVID-19 and those receiving supportive treatment. A fixed-effects model was used to merge the effects reported in two or more studies. The risk of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) was combined as an odds ratio (OR). Six studies were selected, including a total of 3,352,235 participants. The occurrence of PASC was 27.5% lower in patients who received antiviral drugs during the early stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR = 0.725; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.409-0.747) than in the supportive treatment group. Moreover, the risk of PASC-associated hospitalization and mortality was 29.7% lower in patients receiving early antiviral therapy than in the supportive treatment group (OR = 0.721; 95% CI = 0.697-0.794). Early antiviral therapy was associated with a reduced risk of PASC and related hospitalization or death. Thus, early antiviral therapy is recommended for at-risk individuals.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.