Observational studyTexas Heart Institute journal2023
Cardioprotective Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Their Possible Association With Normalization of the Circadian Index of Heart Rhythm.
Observational study in Texas Heart Institute journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circadian rhythms in cardiovascular disease.European heart journal · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUpdated recommendations for the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) include sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and other long-established HFrEF therapies. These drugs' mechanisms of action have yet to be fully clarified.
objectiveThis study evaluated the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on the modulation of autonomic function at 1 month beyond conventional HF therapy.
methodsThis single-center, observational, prospective study was conducted from January 2020 to December 2022. Patients with type 2 diabetes who had ischemic HFrEF and met the study criteria were considered for SGLT2 inhibitor treatment with empagliflozin or dapagliflozin. Changes in the circadian index were used as the primary outcome to assess the early effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on autonomic function. Changes in functional effort capacity and laboratory findings were also evaluated. Participants' circadian index was measured by a 24-hour rhythm Holter monitoring recorder (BTL-08 Holter H100). A symptom-limited treadmill test assessed patients' effort capacities. Tests were repeated after 1 month of therapy.
resultsThe mean (SD) age of the 151 participants was 56.95 (7.29) years; their mean (SD) left ventricular EF was 35.69% (7.10%), and 95 participants were men (62.9%). From baseline to 1 month, mean (SD) daytime heart rate (80.63 [9.17] vs 77.67 [8.04] beats per minute; P = .004) and nighttime heart rate (76.83 [11.34] vs 73.81 [10.25] beats per minute; P = .03) decreased significantly. Variation in the circadian indexes (mean [SD], 1.04 [0.02] vs 1.10 [0.04]; P < .001) was statistically significant, favoring increased modulation of autonomic function. The increases in exercise duration (mean [SD], 8.88 [3.69] minutes and median [IQR], 8.81 [5.76-12.13] minutes vs 9.72 [3.14] and 9.59 [7.24-12.22] minutes; P = .04) and exercise capacity (mean [SD], 203.38 [65.18] m and median [IQR], 119.22 [149.43-259.15] m vs 335.61 [51.39] and 325.79 [293.59-376.91] m; P < .001] were also significant.
conclusionThe use of SGLT2 inhibitors during early treatment can favorably affect both autonomic dysfunction and functional effort capacity of patients with type 2 diabetes with ischemic HFrEF.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.