ReviewCureus2023
Midazolam for Anesthetic Premedication in Children: Considerations and Alternatives.
Review in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Perioperative Music Interventions on Emotional Outcomes in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Integrating Developmental Psychology and Music Education Perspectives.Paediatric anaesthesia · 2026Pooled it
- Premedication of Pediatric Cardiac Population with Midazolam: Comparison of Oral and Sublingual Administration Regarding Plasma Midazolam Concentration, Clinical Effectiveness, Hemodynamic and Behavioral Outcomes.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Midazolam premedication: shaping pediatric perioperative outcomes.Journal of anesthesia · 2026Article
- Preoperative interventions for reducing anxiety in school-age children undergoing surgery: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026Article
- Comparative efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions on emergency delirium in postoperative children: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2026Article
- Incidence and predictors of nonresponse to intranasal midazolam in children undergoing laceration repair.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Preoperative Anxiety Management Practices in Pediatric Anesthesia: Comparative Analysis of an Online Survey Presented to Experts and Social Media Users.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2025Article
- A comparative study to assess the efficacy of atomized versus drops administration of intranasal midazolam as premedication in pediatric patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia-A prospective randomized double-blind study.Saudi journal of anaesthesiaArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Premedication in anesthesia has long been used to reduce patient anxiety, increase patient compliance, and supplement the overall anesthetic. In pediatric populations, premedication also has the indirect benefits of reducing parental anxiety as well as both the incidence and severity of emergence delirium. Oral midazolam, selected for its ease of administration, short duration of action, and reliable anxiolytic and amnestic effects, has been a favorite choice in this role for decades. The side effect profile of midazolam is also relatively benign, heavily dose-dependent, and easily managed in the perioperative setting. While midazolam appears to be an ideal adjunct in the anesthetic care of pediatric patients, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting prolonged benzodiazepine exposure causes neurodevelopmental changes in infants. This evidence, along with the 2017 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warning labels for the use of select anesthetic medications, including midazolam in children under the age of three, has led to some debate in the anesthetic community over the continued use of this anesthetic for premedication in pediatric populations. This article aims to educate the reader on the history of midazolam as a premedication agent in pediatric populations and examine the evidence supporting and against its continued use in this role.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.