Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38110691›Full record

ArticleZoonoses and public health2024

Evolution of influenza A viruses in exhibition swine and transmission to humans, 2013-2015.

Christine M Szablewski, Dillon S McBride, Susan C Trock, Gregory G Habing, Armando E Hoet, Sarah W Nelson, Jacqueline M Nolting, Andrew S Bowman

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Zoonoses and public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. Efficient replication of influenza D virus in the human airway underscores zoonotic potential.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Christine M SzablewskiDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Dillon S McBrideDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7408-3959
Susan C TrockCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Gregory G HabingDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0855-7650
Armando E HoetDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Sarah W NelsonDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Jacqueline M NoltingDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2705-4805
Andrew S BowmanDepartment of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0738-8453
The Ohio State University · USCenters for Disease Control and Prevention · US

Funding

NIAID NIH HHS HHSN266200700007CNIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201400006C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsSwine are a mixing vessel for the emergence of novel reassortant influenza A viruses (IAV). Interspecies transmission of swine-origin IAV poses a public health and pandemic risk. In the United States, the majority of zoonotic IAV transmission events have occurred in association with swine exposure at agricultural fairs. Accordingly, this human-animal interface necessitates mitigation strategies informed by understanding of interspecies transmission mechanisms in exhibition swine. Likewise, the diversity of IAV in swine can be a source for novel reassortant or mutated viruses that pose a risk to both swine and human health. METHODS AND

resultsIn an effort to better understand those risks, here we investigated the epidemiology of IAV in exhibition swine and subsequent transmission to humans by performing phylogenetic analyses using full genome sequences from 272 IAV isolates collected from exhibition swine and 23 A(H3N2)v viruses from human hosts during 2013-2015. Sixty-seven fairs (24.2%) had at least one pig test positive for IAV with an overall estimated prevalence of 8.9% (95% CI: 8.3-9.6, Clopper-Pearson). Of the 19 genotypes found in swine, 5 were also identified in humans. There was a positive correlation between the number of human cases of a genotype and its prevalence in exhibition swine. Additionally, we demonstrated that A(H3N2)v viruses clustered tightly with exhibition swine viruses that were prevalent in the same year.

conclusionsThese data indicate that multiple genotypes of swine-lineage IAV have infected humans, and highly prevalent IAV genotypes in exhibition swine during a given year are also the strains detected most frequently in human cases of variant IAV. Continued surveillance and rapid characterization of IAVs in exhibition swine can facilitate timely phenotypic evaluation and matching of candidate vaccine strains to those viruses present at the human-animal interface which are most likely to spillover into humans.

Indexed as

Influenza A virusInfluenza, HumanOrthomyxoviridae InfectionsSwine DiseasesAnimalsHumansInfluenza A Virus, H3N2 SubtypePhylogenyReassortant VirusesSwineUnited Statesdisease outbreaksinfluenza A virusone healthpublic healthswineUnited States: Viral zoonoses

Identifiers

PMID38110691
PMCPMC10994755
OpenAlexW2810301291

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.