ArticleMolecular neurobiology2024
COVID-19, Anxiety, and Body Mass Index Increase Leptin Levels: a Cross-sectional Multicentric Study.
Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between COVID-19 infection, elevated C-reactive protein, and neuropsychiatric symptoms in individuals with metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Anxiety disorders: a cross-sectional study of clinical and biological associations.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Article
- Investigating the contribution of circulating inflammatory cytokines on the link between obesity and COVID-19.Adipocyte · 2025Article
- Caspases and brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels and their Correlations with Psychiatric Symptoms in post-COVID-19.Neurotoxicity research · 2025Article
- Alterations in Gut Microbiome Composition and Increased Inflammatory Markers in Post-COVID-19 Individuals.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Effects of COVID-19 and medication used for treatment and symptom prevention on the antioxidant status.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025Article
- Factors Associated with the Development of Depression and the Influence of Obesity on Depressive Disorders: A Narrative Review.Biomedicines · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although many efforts have been made to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of COVID-19, critical gaps remain to be explored. This study aimed to investigate potential alterations in adipokine levels (specifically adiponectin, leptin, and resistin) among individuals with COVID-19. Within this population, we further assessed the association between these markers with both, body mass index (BMI) and psychiatric symptoms. This cross-sectional study included an age- and sex-matched sample of adults with COVID-19 (cases) and without COVID-19 (controls). We evaluated the severity of psychiatric symptoms, BMI, and adipokines. Individuals with COVID-19 presented greater BMI, stress levels, and leptin levels when compared to controls. Leptin levels were greater in individuals with moderate/severe COVID-19 as compared to individuals with COVID-19 who were asymptomatic or having mild symptoms. Leptin levels were positively correlated with BMI, severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and stress levels in the total sample. Leptin levels were also positively correlated with BMI, severity of anxiety symptoms, and stress levels in controls. In cases, there was a positive correlation between adiponectin and the severity of depressive symptoms and stress levels and leptin/resistin with BMI. A linear regression model revealed that BMI, severity of anxiety symptoms, and the diagnosis of COVID-19 are independently associated with increased leptin levels. Thus, leptin levels seem to be impacted by the COVID-19 infection, anxiety, and BMI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.