ArticleJournal of emergency nursing2024
Left Without Being Seen: Nurse Work Environment and Timely Outcomes in New York and Illinois Emergency Departments.
Article in Journal of emergency nursing, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Shorter Emergency Department Boarding Times in Hospitals With Better Nurse Staffing.Journal of emergency nursing · 2026Article
- "The 4D Approach"-An Effective Strategy to Improve Emergency Department Boarding and Operational Outcomes.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2026Article
- Nursing Practice Environments and Professional and Care-Related Outcomes in Portuguese Emergency Services: A Descriptive Study of 2018 and 2022.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2026Article
- Association of Emergency Department and Medical-Surgical Nurse Staffing on Patient Departures Against Medical Advice.Journal of emergency nursing · 2026Article
- Poor Patient Care Outcomes and Nurse Job Outcomes Associated With Unfavorable Intensive Care Unit and Emergency Department Nurse Work Environments: Implications for Critical Care Medicine.Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research · 2025Article
- Nurse Work Environment and Hospital Readmission Disparities Between Patients With and Without Limited English Proficiency.Research in nursing & health · 2025Article
- Emergency department workplace violence: Clinician-endorsed strategies informing prevention mandates.Nursing outlookArticle
- Article
- Reducing disparities in emergency department outcomes for individuals with limited English proficiency: The nurse work environment.Nursing outlookArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThis study determined the relationship between the emergency nurse work environment and emergency department patient left without being seen rates and lengths of stay.
methodsCross-sectional analysis of 215 New York and Illinois emergency departments. The work environment (abbreviated Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index) was measured by emergency nurses in the 2021 RN4CAST-NY/IL survey and linked with outcomes from Hospital Compare. Regression models estimated the relationship between the nurse work environment and emergency department patient left without being seen rates, median length of stay (in minutes), and median behavioral health patient length of stay. Model coefficients were used to estimate expected additional care minutes gained if emergency department work environments improved.
results"Mixed" work environments had the longest median overall length of stay (3.4 hours) and the highest median left without being seen rates (2.2%), while "poor" work environments had the longest median length of stay for behavioral health patients (6 hours). Improving the emergency department work environment from poor to mixed (and mixed to better) was associated with a 13-minute reduction in overall length of stay (P ≤ .05), a 33-minute reduction in behavioral health length of stay (P ≤ .01), and a 19% reduction in left without being seen rates (P ≤ .01). We estimated 11,824 to 41,071 additional patients could be seen in emergency departments associated with work environment improvements from "poor" to "better," depending on annual patient volumes. DISCUSSION: Hospital administrators should consider investing in nurse work environments as a foundation to improve timely outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.