Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38136145›Full record

ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2023

Bilosomes and Biloparticles for the Delivery of Lipophilic Drugs: A Preliminary Study.

Maddalena Sguizzato, Francesca Ferrara, Nada Baraldo, Agnese Bondi, Annunziata Guarino, Markus Drechsler, Giuseppe Valacchi, Rita Cortesi

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 38% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Antibiotic-ResistantMicroorganisms · 2025
    Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 4 countries.

Maddalena SguizzatoDepartment of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DoCPAS), University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2100-2043
Francesca FerraraDepartment of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DoCPAS), University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9096-0560
Nada BaraldoDepartment of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DoCPAS), University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy.
Agnese BondiDepartment of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DoCPAS), University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy.
Annunziata GuarinoDepartment of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy.
Markus DrechslerBavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Keylab "Electron and Optical Microscopy", University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7192-7821
Giuseppe ValacchiDepartment of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8792-0947
Rita CortesiDepartment of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences (DoCPAS), University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1060-2676
University of Ferrara · ITBavarian Polymer Institute · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this study, bile acid-based vesicles and nanoparticles (i.e., bilosomes and biloparticles) are studied to improve the water solubility of lipophilic drugs. Ursodeoxycholic acid, sodium cholate, sodium taurocholate and budesonide were used as bile acids and model drugs, respectively. Bilosomes and biloparticles were prepared following standard protocols with minor changes, after a preformulation study. The obtained systems showed good encapsulation efficiency and dimensional stability. Particularly, for biloparticles, the increase in encapsulation efficiency followed the order ursodeoxycholic acid < sodium cholate < sodium taurocholate. The in vitro release of budesonide from both bilosytems was performed by means of dialysis using either a nylon membrane or a portion of Wistar rat small intestine and two receiving solutions (i.e., simulated gastric and intestinal fluids). Both in gastric and intestinal fluid, budesonide was released from bilosystems more slowly than the reference solution, while biloparticles showed a significant improvement in the passage of budesonide into aqueous solution. Immunofluorescence experiments indicated that ursodeoxycholic acid bilosomes containing budesonide are effective in reducing the inflammatory response induced by glucose oxidase stimuli and counteract ox-inflammatory damage within intestinal cells.

Indexed as

bile acidsdrug solubilityimmunofluorescenceinflammasomenanoparticlesnanotechnologynanovesiclesNLCpoorly water-soluble drugsSLN

Identifiers

PMID38136145
PMCPMC10741235
OpenAlexW4388860053

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.