ReviewNature reviews. Cardiology2024
Immune and inflammatory mechanisms in hypertension.
Review in Nature reviews. Cardiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 189 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
189 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 236 citations in OpenAlex.
- Can resistance training alone or resistance training combined with aerobic training improve arterial stiffness, endothelial function, and other vascular function indicators in adults with hypertension or overweight/obesity-related vascular risk? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Comprehensive Evaluation of Triptolide's Therapeutic Mechanisms in Diabetic Kidney DiseaseCurrent pharmaceutical design · 2026Pooled it
- Polycystic ovary syndrome with stroke, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC women's health · 2025Pooled it
- Higher dietary inflammatory index linked to increased risk of hypertension: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Global trends and hotspots in macrophage research related to hypertension from 2015-2024: bibliometric research and visualization analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Unveiling the impact of colonic pH and pH-sensing receptors in blood pressure regulation.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Monocyte Activation Drives Atrial Fibrillation in Hypertension.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Article
- Association between hypertension and frozen shoulder: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockade Mitigates Loop Diuretic-Exacerbated Plasma Volume Contraction and Target-Organ Fibrosis in Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- Dendritic Cells in the Immunoregulation of Myocardial Infarction: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Review
- The Mechano-Immune-Vascular Activation Loop: An Integrative Conceptual Framework for Positive Feedback in Hypertension.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Metabolomic Signatures of Inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease.Kidney medicine · 2026Article
- Associations of transitions in frailty and depressive symptoms with the risk of cardiovascular disease in adults with hypertension: findings from three aging cohorts.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2026Article
- Unveiling the Immune Mechanisms of Hypertension With Single-Cell Transcriptome-Wide Mendelian Randomization.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic adrenal disease: a new entity in MetS, an experimental study in rabbits.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Review
- Comorbidities and Inflammation: How Chronic Diseases Prime the Host Response in Sepsis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Biomarkers in Obesity-Related Metabolic Syndrome: Relationships Between LDL Subfractions, Lipid Profile, and Cardiometabolic Risk in a Slovak Population.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Salt and chronic kidney disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
129 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hypertension is a global health problem, with >1.3 billion individuals with high blood pressure worldwide. In this Review, we present an inflammatory paradigm for hypertension, emphasizing the crucial roles of immune cells, cytokines and chemokines in disease initiation and progression. T cells, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells and natural killer cells are all implicated in hypertension. Neoantigens, the NLRP3 inflammasome and increased sympathetic outflow, as well as cytokines (including IL-6, IL-7, IL-15, IL-18 and IL-21) and a high-salt environment, can contribute to immune activation in hypertension. The activated immune cells migrate to target organs such as arteries (especially the perivascular fat and adventitia), kidneys, the heart and the brain, where they release effector cytokines that elevate blood pressure and cause vascular remodelling, renal damage, cardiac hypertrophy, cognitive impairment and dementia. IL-17 secreted by CD4
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.