ArticleOphthalmology and therapy2024
Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Neuropeptides in Patients with Dry Eye with and without Chronic Ocular Pain after FS-LASIK.
Article in Ophthalmology and therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05600985 (Clinical Characteristics of Patients Developing Chronic Dry Eye After Refractive Surgery), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients Developing Chronic Dry Eye After Refractive Surgery
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Associations of tear mediators with ocular surface symptoms, signs, and corneal nerve morphology in dry eye disease: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Immuno-inflammatory axis of menopausal dry eye: from hormonal fluctuations to ocular surface dysregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Long-Term Evolution of Chronic Neuropathic Ocular Pain and Dry Eye Following Corneal Refractive Surgery.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Systemic inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers as predictors of pain in sequential bilateral phacoemulsification for age-related cataract.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Corneal epithelial dendritic cells associated with ocular pain in dry eye disease.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionChronic ocular pain, particularly prevalent in patients with dry eye disease and post-femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) surgery, presents with unclear clinical characteristics and an undefined pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to compare clinical characteristics and tear neuropeptide concentrations in patients with dry eye disease (DED) with and without chronic ocular pain following FS-LASIK, and investigate correlations between ocular pain, clinical characteristics, and tear neuropeptide levels.
methodsThirty-eight post-FS-LASIK patients with DED were assigned to two groups: those with chronic ocular pain and those without chronic ocular pain. Dry eye, ocular pain, and mental health-related parameters were evaluated using specific questionnaires and tests. The morphology of corneal nerves and dendritic cells (DCs) was evaluated by in vivo confocal microscopy. Function of corneal innervation was evaluated by corneal sensitivity. Concentrations of tear cytokines (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-23, IL-17A, and interferon-γ) and neuropeptides (α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, neurotensin, β-endorphin, oxytocin, and substance P [SP]) were measured using the Luminex assay.
resultsMost patients with chronic ocular pain experienced mild to moderate pain; the most common types included stimulated pain (provoked by wind and light), burning pain, and pressure sensation. More severe dry eye (P < 0.001), anxiety symptoms (P = 0.026), lower Schirmer I test values (P = 0.035), lower corneal nerve density (P = 0.043), and more activated DCs (P = 0.041) were observed in patients with ocular pain. Tear concentrations of SP and oxytocin were significantly higher in patients with ocular pain (P = 0.001, P = 0.021, respectively). Furthermore, significant correlations were observed among ocular pain severity, SP, and anxiety levels.
conclusionsPatients with DED after FS-LASIK who have chronic ocular pain show more severe ocular and psychological discomfort and higher tear levels of neuropeptides. Furthermore, ocular pain severity is correlated with tear SP levels.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05600985.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.