Evidence mapPaperPMID 38200365Full record

ReviewInternational urology and nephrology2024

Sodium and water dynamics in the progression of chronic kidney disease: mechanisms and clinical significance.

Nereida Spahia, Merita Rroji, Alma Idrizi, Goce Spasovski, Myftar Barbullushi

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International urology and nephrology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nereida SpahiaDepartment of Nephrology, University Hospital Center "Mother Teresa", Tirana, Albania. edaspahia01@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8515-8143
Merita RrojiDepartment of Nephrology, University Hospital Center "Mother Teresa", Tirana, Albania.
Alma IdriziDepartment of Nephrology, University Hospital Center "Mother Teresa", Tirana, Albania.
Goce SpasovskiDepartment of Nephrology, Medical Faculty, University Sts. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, North Macedonia.
Myftar BarbullushiDepartment of Nephrology, University Hospital Center "Mother Teresa", Tirana, Albania.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimLifestyle modifications can postpone the progression of chronic kidney disease toward its terminal stage. This mini-review aims to explore the impact of salt and water intake on the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and provide insights into the optimal consumption levels to preserve the glomerular filtration rate.

methodsWe reviewed relevant literature to examine the association between salt and water consumption and CKD progression. Our analysis includes discussions on the pathophysiology, findings from clinical trials, and recommended intake guidelines.

resultsSodium intake, often linked to cardiovascular risk and CKD progression, has shown a complex J-shaped association in some studies, leading to uncertainty about the ideal salt intake level. Sodium and fluid retention are key factors contributing to hypertension, a well-established risk factor for CKD progression. Low-sodium diets have demonstrated promise in reducing blood pressure and enhancing the effects of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors in non-dialysis CKD patients. However, a debate persists regarding the independent effect of salt restriction on CKD progression. Despite medical recommendations, salt consumption remains high among CKD patients. Additionally, the role of water consumption in CKD remains controversial despite its established benefits for CKD prevention in the general population.

conclusionLifestyle modifications involving salt and water intake can influence the progression of CKD. While low-sodium diets have shown potential for mitigating hypertension and proteinuria in non-dialysis CKD patients, their independent impact on CKD progression warrants further investigation. The role of water consumption in CKD remains uncertain, and there is a need for additional research in this area. Clinicians should consider individualized dietary recommendations for CKD patients to help preserve the glomerular filtration rate and improve overall outcomes.

Indexed as

Disease ProgressionRenal Insufficiency, ChronicClinical RelevanceDiet, Sodium-RestrictedDrinkingGlomerular Filtration RateHumansSodium Chloride, DietarySodium, DietarySodium Chloride, DietarySodium, DietaryChronic kidney diseaseProgressionSaltWater

Identifiers

PMID38200365

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.