Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38201831›Full record

ReviewNutrients2023

Effects of Malnutrition on the Immune System and Infection and the Role of Nutritional Strategies Regarding Improvements in Children's Health Status: A Literature Review.

Fátima Morales, Sergio Montserrat-de la Paz, Maria J Leon, Fernando Rivero-Pino

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nutrients, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 173 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
173citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
40.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

173 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 253 citations in OpenAlex.

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  18. Combined Fibrinogen and Urinary α1-Microglobulin as Predictors of Respiratory Tract Infection in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
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113 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Fátima MoralesDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Sevilla, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-0372-259X
Sergio Montserrat-de la PazDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-5400-3192
Maria J LeonDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C. Profesor Garcia Gonzalez 2, 41012 Seville, Spain.
Fernando Rivero-PinoDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Seville, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-1326-7452
Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla · ESUniversidad de Sevilla · ES

Funding

Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad 2021/CTS-1074
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Malnutrition refers to a person's status as under- or overnourished, and it is usually associated with an inflammation status, which can subsequently imply a different health status, as the risk of infection is increased, along with a deterioration of the immune system. Children's immune systems are generally more susceptible to problems than adults. In the situation of malnutrition, because malnourished children's immune systems are compromised, they are more likely to die. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism of altered immune functioning and how it relates to starvation. Nutritional interventions have been reported as cost-effective strategies to prevent or treat the development of malnourishment, considering the link between food intake and health, especially in children, and also the susceptibility of this population to diseases and how their health status during childhood might affect their long-term physiological growth. The ingestion of specific nutrients (e.g., vitamins or oligoelements) has been reported to contribute to the proper functioning of children's immune systems. In this review, we aim to describe the basis of malnutrition and how this is linked to the immune system, considering the role of nutrients in the modulation of the immune system and the risk of infection that can occur in these situations in children, as well as to identify nutritional interventions to improve their health.

Indexed as

MalnutritionStarvationAdultChildChild HealthHealth StatusHumansImmune Systemchildrenimmunometabolismimmunonutritioninfectionnutraceuticals

Identifiers

PMID38201831
PMCPMC10780435
OpenAlexW4389951841

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.