Evidence mapPaperPMID 38203294Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2023

Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroprotection by Ketone Bodies and Ketogenic Diet in Cerebral Ischemia and Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Jiwon Jang, Su Rim Kim, Jo Eun Lee, Seoyeon Lee, Hyeong Jig Son, Wonchae Choe, Kyung-Sik Yoon, Sung Soo Kim, Eui-Ju Yeo, Insug Kang

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07364162 (Exogenous Ketone Ester Supplementation in ICU Delirium), which is not on this map. Cited by 58 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
14.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07364162 phase2recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Exogenous Ketone Ester Supplementation in ICU Delirium (KETONES ICU)

TypeinterventionalSponsorVanderbilt University Medical CenterRan2026 to 2027Enrolled40ConditionsICU Delirium, Critical IllnessArmsKetone monoester, Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Aspartate-Glutamate Carrier 1 (International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
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  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
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  17. Article
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  20. Prolonging Partial Remission in Type 1 Diabetes: The Role of Low-Carbohydrate Diet: A Literature Review.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jiwon JangDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Su Rim KimDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Jo Eun LeeDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Seoyeon LeeDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Hyeong Jig SonDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Wonchae ChoeDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-5764-9482
Kyung-Sik YoonDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Sung Soo KimDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Eui-Ju YeoDepartment of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea.
Insug KangDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-7117-1008
Kyung Hee University · KRGachon University · KR

Funding

National Research Foundation of Korea NRF-2021R1F1A1049054 and NRF-2018R1A6A1A03025124
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ketone bodies (KBs), such as acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, serve as crucial alternative energy sources during glucose deficiency. KBs, generated through ketogenesis in the liver, are metabolized into acetyl-CoA in extrahepatic tissues, entering the tricarboxylic acid cycle and electron transport chain for ATP production. Reduced glucose metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction correlate with increased neuronal death and brain damage during cerebral ischemia and neurodegeneration. Both KBs and the ketogenic diet (KD) demonstrate neuroprotective effects by orchestrating various cellular processes through metabolic and signaling functions. They enhance mitochondrial function, mitigate oxidative stress and apoptosis, and regulate epigenetic and post-translational modifications of histones and non-histone proteins. Additionally, KBs and KD contribute to reducing neuroinflammation and modulating autophagy, neurotransmission systems, and gut microbiome. This review aims to explore the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning the neuroprotective effects of KBs and KD against brain damage in cerebral ischemia and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Indexed as

Brain InjuriesDiet, KetogenicNeurodegenerative DiseasesNeuroprotective AgentsCerebral InfarctionHumansKetone BodiesNeuroprotectionKetone BodiesNeuroprotective AgentsAlzheimer’s diseasecerebral ischemiaketogenic dietketone bodiesmitochondrial dysfunctionneurodegenerative diseaseneuroinflammationoxidative stressParkinson’s diseaseβ-hydroxybutyrate

Identifiers

PMID38203294
PMCPMC10779133
OpenAlexW4390053591

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.