ArticleTherapeutic advances in medical oncology2024
Current evidence of PD-1 and PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors for esophageal cancer: an updated meta-analysis and synthesis of ongoing clinical trials.
Article in Therapeutic advances in medical oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Overall survival with immune checkpoint inhibitors across treatment settings and clinical and PD-L1-defined subgroups in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Tislelizumab efficacy and safety compared to other anti-PD-1s: a network meta-analysis of first-line therapies for unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Review
- Perineural invasion in digestive tract tumors: Immune system interactions and therapeutic strategies.World journal of clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Adverse drug reaction assessment of pembrolizumab and nivolumab in esophageal cancer treatment based on the US FAERS database.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, with a poor prognosis and a 5-year survival rate of 5% in advanced cases. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in EC patients by analyzing phase III clinical trials. Design: A meta-analysis following the PRISMA Statement 2020 guidelines. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase were searched through 6 December 2022, and the analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4.3 (Cochrane). Results: Out of 387 studies, 13 phase III clinical trials with 6519 participants were pooled. Overall survival (OS) favored PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with a Cohen's Conclusion: This meta-analysis provides strong evidence that PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy improve OS and objective response rate among patients with advanced EC but do not affect progression-free survival. Trial registration: Open Science Framework: osf.io/y27rx.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.