SynthesisPloS one2024
Effect of probiotics or prebiotics on thyroid function: A meta-analysis of eight randomized controlled trials.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Trial
- The public health burden of diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease: twin epidemics.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Microbiome and thyroid diseases: future precision studies of the gut-thyroid axis to facilitate the adjuvant treatment.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2026Review
- Iodine and Thyroid Dysfunction in Ageing: Nutritional, Pharmacologic, and Microbial Modifiers in Older Adults.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The role of gut microbiota in autoimmune thyroid diseases: nutritional determinants and diet-based modulation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Plant-derived nutritional components in thyroid disease-related neuropsychiatric disorders: mechanistic insights and advances.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- The Intricate Interplay of Noncoding RNAs and the Gut Microbiome in Gastrointestinal and Endocrine-Related Cancers.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
- Synbiotic yogurt with nanoparticle entrapped rice straw hemicellulose for immediate probiotic support and prebiotic delivery.NPJ science of food · 2025Article
- Effects of probiotics and synbiotics oral supplementation on thyroid function in adults: a grade-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis.Thyroid research · 2025Review
- Short-term effects of a synbiotic diet on thyroid and sex hormones in Sarabi Dogs.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota in hypothyroidism: pathogenic mechanisms and opportunities for precision microbiome interventions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Lack of genotoxicity and subchronic toxicity in safety assessment studies ofToxicology reports · 2024Article
- Autoimmunity, New Potential Biomarkers and the Thyroid Gland-The Perspective of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Its Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Recent advances in gut microbiota and thyroid disease: pathogenesis and therapeutics in autoimmune, neoplastic, and nodular conditions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- The impact of environmental factors and contaminants on thyroid function and disease from fetal to adult life: current evidence and future directions.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMicrobiome-directed therapies are increasingly utilized to optimize thyroid function in both healthy individuals and those with thyroid disorders. However, recent doubts have been raised regarding the efficacy of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in improving thyroid function. This systematic review aimed to investigate the potential relationship between probiotics/prebiotics and thyroid function by analyzing the impact on thyroid hormone levels.
methodsWe conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb) levels. We searched for articles from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase up until April 1st, 2023, without any language restriction. Quantitative data analysis was performed using a random-effects model, with standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval as summary statistics. The methods and results were reported according to the PRISMA2020 statement.
resultsA total of eight articles were included in this review. The meta-analysis showed no significant alterations in TSH (SMD: -0.01, 95% CI: -0.21, 0.20, P = 0.93; I2: 0.00%), fT4 (SMD: 0.04, 95% CI: -0.29, 0.21, P = 0.73; I2: 0.00%) or fT3 (SMD: 0.45, 95% CI: -0.14, 1.03, P = 0.43; I2: 78.00%), while a significant reduction in TRAb levels was observed (SMD: -0.85, 95% CI: -1.54, -0.15, P = 0.02; I2: 18.00%) following probiotics/prebiotics supplementation. No indication of publication bias was found.
conclusionsProbiotics/prebiotics supplementation does not influence thyroid hormone levels, but may modestly reduce TRAb levels in patients with Graves' disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.