Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38214686›Full record

ArticleACS chemical neuroscience2024

Effects of External Stimulation on Psychedelic State Neurodynamics.

Pedro A M Mediano, Fernando E Rosas, Christopher Timmermann, Leor Roseman, David J Nutt, Amanda Feilding, Mendel Kaelen, Morten L Kringelbach, Adam B Barrett, Anil K Seth and 3 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS chemical neuroscience, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
27.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. The entropic brain today.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Illuminating consciousness.Frontiers in psychology · 2026
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. N,N-dimethyltryptamine effects on connectome harmonics, subjective experience and comparative psychedelic experiences.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
    Article
  17. Using Electroencephalography to Advance Mindfulness Science: A Survey of Emerging Methods and Approaches.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2025
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 10 institutions in 6 countries.

Pedro A M MedianoDepartment of Computing, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.ORCID 0000-0003-1789-5894
Fernando E RosasDepartment of Informatics, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RH, U.K.
Christopher TimmermannCentre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
Leor RosemanCentre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
David J NuttCentre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
Amanda FeildingThe Beckley Foundation, Oxford OX3 9SY, U.K.
Mendel KaelenWavepaths, London WC2B 5AH, U.K.
Morten L KringelbachCentre for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, U.K.
Adam B BarrettSussex Center for Consciousness Science and Department of Informatics, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RH, U.K.
Anil K SethSussex Center for Consciousness Science and Department of Informatics, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RH, U.K.
Suresh MuthukumaraswamySchool of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
Daniel BorDepartment of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, U.K.
Robin L Carhart-HarrisCentre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
Imperial College London · GBUniversity of Sussex · GBAarhus University · DKBeckley Foundation · GBCanadian Institute for Advanced Research · CAChatham House · GBQueen Mary University of London · GBUniversity of Auckland · NZUniversity of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of Cambridge · GB

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent findings have shown that psychedelics reliably enhance brain entropy (understood as neural signal diversity), and this effect has been associated with both acute and long-term psychological outcomes, such as personality changes. These findings are particularly intriguing, given that a decrease of brain entropy is a robust indicator of loss of consciousness (e.g., from wakefulness to sleep). However, little is known about how context impacts the entropy-enhancing effect of psychedelics, which carries important implications for how it can be exploited in, for example, psychedelic psychotherapy. This article investigates how brain entropy is modulated by stimulus manipulation during a psychedelic experience by studying participants under the effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) or placebo, either with gross state changes (eyes closed vs open) or different stimuli (no stimulus vs music vs video). Results show that while brain entropy increases with LSD under all of the experimental conditions, it exhibits the largest changes when subjects have their eyes closed. Furthermore, brain entropy changes are consistently associated with subjective ratings of the psychedelic experience, but this relationship is disrupted when participants are viewing a video─potentially due to a "competition" between external stimuli and endogenous LSD-induced imagery. Taken together, our findings provide strong quantitative evidence of the role of context in modulating neural dynamics during a psychedelic experience, underlining the importance of performing psychedelic psychotherapy in a suitable environment.

Indexed as

HallucinogensBrainBrain MappingHumansLysergic Acid DiethylamidePsychotherapyHallucinogensLysergic Acid Diethylamidecomplexityconsciousnessneurosciencepsychedelics

Identifiers

PMID38214686
PMCPMC10853937
OpenAlexW4390794773

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.