ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2024
Efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis: update for the practising clinician.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 78 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Infection risks associated with b/tsDMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Molecular mechanisms and risk factors in rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive review.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Patients with Vitiligo: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Safety profile and dose-dependent adverse events of upadacitinib in randomized clinical trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Rational approach to the prescription of anti-rheumatic drugs in rheumatoid arthritis: a product leaflet-based strategy in Italy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Systematic review of Janus kinases inhibitors for rheumatoid arthritis: methodology, reporting, and quality of evidence evaluation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Effect of ivarmacitinib on patient-reported outcomes in patients with moderate-to-severe active rheumatoid arthritis: a post-hoc analysis of a phase III trial.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Trial
- Upadacitinib for refractory Behcet's syndrome: a multi-centre, single-arm trial.Arthritis research & therapy · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide and escitalopram as adjuvant therapies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized controlled study.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Factors associated with discontinuation of bDMARDs and JAK inhibitors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a retrospective study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Advances in the treatment of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Emerging therapies in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.Journal of neuromuscular diseases · 2026Review
- Review
- Role of the Proteasome System in Shaping Cellular Immunological Characteristics and Its Impact in Modulating the Pathogenesis of Immune-Related Diseases.Cells, tissues, organs · 2026Review
- Steroid receptor coactivators in immunity - From function to emerging translational opportunities.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Review
- Pharmacogenetic biomarkers for predicting therapeutic response to JAK inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis.Advances in laboratory medicine · 2026Article
- Metabolic and neuroimmune control of rheumatoid arthritis: therapeutic implications of FXR and α7-nAChR axes.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, including tofacitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib and filgotinib, are increasingly used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There has been debate about their safety, particularly following the issuance of guidance by regulatory agencies advising caution in their use in certain patients. The registrational clinical trials and registry data of JAK inhibitors did not identify a difference in the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), venous thromboembolism, malignancies or infections (other than herpes zoster) with a JAK inhibitor versus a biologic DMARD. In the ORAL Surveillance trial, which enrolled patients >50 years of age with ≥1 cardiovascular risk factor, tofacitinib was statistically inferior to TNF inhibitors for the occurrence of MACEs and malignancy. Further post hoc analysis of the data revealed that an age of ≥65 years, a high baseline cardiovascular risk, a history of smoking, sustained inflammation, disease activity and suboptimal treatment of cardiovascular comorbidities all increase the risk of these outcomes. The guidance issued by regulatory agencies should be carefully considered to ensure appropriate and safe treatment of patients with RA without undertreatment of patients who might benefit from JAK inhibitor, as well as biologic, treatment. As always, the risks associated with the use of these agents, treatment goals, costs and patient preferences should be discussed with the patient.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.