ReviewNature reviews. Immunology2024
Novel insights into the immune response to bacterial T cell superantigens.
Review in Nature reviews. Immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Superantigens in Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanisms, Engineering Strategies, and Therapeutic Potential.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Review
- Selective Expansion of TCR Vβ2Experimental dermatology · 2026Article
- Elucidating the Staphylococcus aureus TSST-1 Regulatory Network as a Response to Vaginal pH.Molecular microbiology · 2026Article
- Identification of targetable epitope surfaces from the high resolution structure of the superantigen Staphylococcal enterotoxin L.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Multivalent nanobodies for potent and broad neutralization of Staphylococcus aureus toxins.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Acquisition of toxin-encoding lysogenic bacteriophage elements enhances the virulence of pandemicInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- GUTAID: a curated database linking gut microbial antigens to autoimmune mechanisms.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2026Article
- [Research progress on toxic shock syndrome due to group AZhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2026Review
- HLA DP/DRA molecule regulates systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation, aggravates cognitive impairment and long-term anxiety in murine model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Potential Mechanisms and Hypotheses for Pathogenic Microorganisms Triggering Kawasaki Disease.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- NKG2A-mediated immune modulation of natural killer cells by Staphylococcus aureus.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Submicron-sized superantigen biomimetic liposomes with highly efficient pulmonary accumulation to remodel local immune microenvironment for cancer chemoimmunotherapy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Article
- Comparison of pharyngeal and invasive isolates ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Evidence that staphylococcal superantigens promote within-patient bacterial persistence following post-operative surgical site infection.Infection and immunity · 2025Article
- Proinflammatory synergy between protease and superantigen streptococcal pyogenic exotoxins.Infection and immunity · 2025Article
- TSST-1 promotes colonization ofInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- Reflecting on chiral chimeric cancer and microbes: ambidextrous metabolism-the real danger?Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- The intricate pathogenicity of Group AVirulence · 2024Review
- Effect of Moniezia Benedeni infection on ileal transcriptome profile characteristics of sheep.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacterial T cell superantigens (SAgs) are a family of microbial exotoxins that function to activate large numbers of T cells simultaneously. SAgs activate T cells by direct binding and crosslinking of the lateral regions of MHC class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells with T cell receptors (TCRs) on T cells; these interactions alter the normal TCR-peptide-MHC class II architecture to activate T cells in a manner that is independent of the antigen specificity of the TCR. SAgs have well-recognized, central roles in human diseases such as toxic shock syndrome and scarlet fever through their quantitative effects on the T cell response; in addition, numerous other consequences of SAg-driven T cell activation are now being recognized, including direct roles in the pathogenesis of endocarditis, bloodstream infections, skin disease and pharyngitis. In this Review, we summarize the expanding family of bacterial SAgs and how these toxins can engage highly diverse adaptive immune receptors. We highlight recent findings regarding how SAg-driven manipulation of the adaptive immune response may operate in multiple human diseases, as well as contributing to the biology and life cycle of SAg-producing bacterial pathogens.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.