Trial reportJournal of the American Heart Association2024
Higher Cholesterol Absorption Marker at Baseline Predicts Fewer Cardiovascular Events in Elderly Patients Receiving Hypercholesterolemia Treatment: The KEEP Study.
Trial report in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ezetimibe alone for over 75 years old as a primary prevention to decrease cardiovascular events.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHigher cholesterol absorption has been reported to be related to a higher incidence of cardiovascular events (CVEs). The KEEP (Kyushu Elderly Ezetimibe Phytosterol) study, a substudy of the EWTOPIA 75 (Ezetimibe Lipid-Lowering Trial on Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in 75 or Older) study, investigated the relationships of cholesterol absorption and synthesis markers with CVEs in older old individuals with hypercholesterolemia, particularly in relation to ezetimibe treatment. METHODS AND
resultsEligible patients were those aged ≥75 years who had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥140 mg/dL, no history of coronary artery disease, and no recent use of lipid-lowering drugs. Participants were randomly assigned into a diet-only or diet-plus-ezetimibe group. Baseline and 24-week follow-up blood samples were analyzed for cholesterol absorption (eg, campesterol) and synthesis markers (eg, lathosterol). Of 1287 patients, 1061 patients with baseline measurement were analyzed. Over a median follow-up of 4.0 years, 64 CVEs occurred. Higher campesterol levels at baseline were significantly associated with a lower risk of CVEs. After adjustment for sex, age, and treatment, the hazard ratios for the lowest to highest quartile categories of baseline campesterol were 1.00 (reference), 0.59 (95% CI, 0.30-1.17), 0.44 (95% CI, 0.21-0.94), and 0.44 (95% CI, 0.21-0.93), respectively (trend
conclusionsThe KEEP study indicated that higher campesterol levels without lipid-lowering drugs were associated with a lower incidence of CVEs in older old individuals with hypercholesterolemia who were subsequently treated with diet or ezetimibe. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.umin.ac.jp; unique identifier: UMIN000017769.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.