Evidence mapPaperPMID 38240241Full record

Trial reportJournal of the American Heart Association2024

Higher Cholesterol Absorption Marker at Baseline Predicts Fewer Cardiovascular Events in Elderly Patients Receiving Hypercholesterolemia Treatment: The KEEP Study.

Masanari Kuwabara, Jun Sasaki, Yasuyoshi Ouchi, Shinichi Oikawa, Kiyotaka Nakagawa, Masao Sato, Shinji Koba, Suminori Kono, Tetsunori Saikawa, Hidenori Arai

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.

Masanari KuwabaraToranomon Hospital Tokyo Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-6601-4347
Jun SasakiInternational University of Health and Welfare Fukuoka Japan.
Yasuyoshi OuchiToranomon Hospital Tokyo Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-8178-6994
Shinichi OikawaFukujuji Hospital Tokyo Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-2160-3807
Kiyotaka NakagawaTohoku University Miyagi Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-3026-7358
Masao SatoKyushu University Fukuoka Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-1690-9000
Shinji KobaShowa University Tokyo Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-3345-2703
Suminori KonoMedStat Corporation Fukuoka Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-8516-4386
Tetsunori SaikawaOita San-Ai Medical Center Oita Japan.ORCID 0009-0002-3533-2016
Hidenori AraiNational Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Aichi Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-6747-8680
Toranomon Hospital · JPFukujuji Hospital · JPFukuoka International University · JPKyushu University · JPMechanics Electronics Computer Corporation (Japan) · JPNational Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology · JPOita Medical Center · JPShowa University · JPTohoku University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHigher cholesterol absorption has been reported to be related to a higher incidence of cardiovascular events (CVEs). The KEEP (Kyushu Elderly Ezetimibe Phytosterol) study, a substudy of the EWTOPIA 75 (Ezetimibe Lipid-Lowering Trial on Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in 75 or Older) study, investigated the relationships of cholesterol absorption and synthesis markers with CVEs in older old individuals with hypercholesterolemia, particularly in relation to ezetimibe treatment. METHODS AND

resultsEligible patients were those aged ≥75 years who had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥140 mg/dL, no history of coronary artery disease, and no recent use of lipid-lowering drugs. Participants were randomly assigned into a diet-only or diet-plus-ezetimibe group. Baseline and 24-week follow-up blood samples were analyzed for cholesterol absorption (eg, campesterol) and synthesis markers (eg, lathosterol). Of 1287 patients, 1061 patients with baseline measurement were analyzed. Over a median follow-up of 4.0 years, 64 CVEs occurred. Higher campesterol levels at baseline were significantly associated with a lower risk of CVEs. After adjustment for sex, age, and treatment, the hazard ratios for the lowest to highest quartile categories of baseline campesterol were 1.00 (reference), 0.59 (95% CI, 0.30-1.17), 0.44 (95% CI, 0.21-0.94), and 0.44 (95% CI, 0.21-0.93), respectively (trend

conclusionsThe KEEP study indicated that higher campesterol levels without lipid-lowering drugs were associated with a lower incidence of CVEs in older old individuals with hypercholesterolemia who were subsequently treated with diet or ezetimibe. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.umin.ac.jp; unique identifier: UMIN000017769.

Indexed as

Anticholesteremic AgentsCoronary Artery DiseaseHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsHypercholesterolemiaAgedCholesterolDrug Therapy, CombinationEzetimibeHumansHypolipidemic AgentsAnticholesteremic AgentsCholesterolEzetimibeHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsHypolipidemic Agentsatherosclerotic cardiovascular diseasecholesterol absorption markerelderlyezetimibeprimary prevention

Identifiers

PMID38240241
PMCPMC11056156
OpenAlexW4391027729

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.