Evidence mapPaperPMID 38252886Full record

ArticleDiabetes care2024

Mortality in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE).

Mary Ann Banerji, John B Buse, Naji Younes, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Adline Ghazi, Melissa Lee, Jean Park, Rodica Pop-Busui, Chantal Underkofler, Stephen P Fortmann and 1 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes care, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT01794143. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01794143 phase3completed

Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study

Ran2013Enrolled7,850Registered outcomes4Posted comparisons0ConditionsComparative Effectiveness of Glycemia-lowering Medications, Type 2 DiabetesArmsDPP-4 inhibitor (sitagliptin), GLP-1 receptor agonist (liraglutide), Insulin (glargine), Sulfonylurea (glimepiride)
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. An overview of insulin therapy for the non-specialist.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.

Mary Ann BanerjiDivision of Endocrinology and Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY.ORCID 0009-0004-4500-6059
John B BuseDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC.ORCID 0000-0002-9723-3876
Naji YounesThe Biostatistics Center, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Rockville, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-8913-0340
Heidi Krause-SteinraufThe Biostatistics Center, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Rockville, MD.ORCID 0000-0001-6894-4110
Adline GhaziMedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville and Baltimore, MD.
Melissa LeeDivision of Endocrinology and Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY.
Jean ParkMedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville and Baltimore, MD.
Rodica Pop-BusuiDivision of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.ORCID 0000-0002-2042-1350
Chantal UnderkoflerDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
Stephen P FortmannKaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR.
GRADE Research Group
Milken Institute · USMedStar Health · USKaiser Permanente · USState University of New York · USUniversity of Colorado Denver · USUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USKaiser Permanente Center for Health Research · USUniversity of Michigan · US

Funding

Continuation of the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness (GRADE) StudyU01DK098246 · NIDDK · GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, JOHN M LACHIN · 2021 to 2022
$21.0M
Vector and Transgenic Mouse CoreP30DK017047 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · 1986 to 2025
$12.6M
Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (VICTR)UL1TR002243 · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · 2025 to 2025
$10.7M
Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational SciencesUL1TR002345 · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$9.3M
Georgia Clinical & Translational Science Alliance (Georgia CTSA)UL1TR002378 · EMORY UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$9.3M
Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of Northern Ohio, Catalyzing Linkages for Everyone's Health (CLE Health)UM1TR004528 · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$7.9M
Pilot and Feasibility ProgramP30DK020572 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · 2022 to 2025
$4.9M
Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science CenterU54GM104940 · LSU PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CTR · 2025 to 2025
$3.9M
NYR-Diabetes Research Center (NYR-DRC)P30DK020541 · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · 2025 to 2025
$2.4M
Pilot and Feasibility ProgramP30DK072476 · LSU PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CTR · 2005 to 2025
$2.2M
UAB Diabetes Research CenterP30DK079626 · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · 2025 to 2025
$1.3M
Pilot and Feasibility ProgramP30DK092926 · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · 2025 to 2025
$779k
CDC HHSNCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000439NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000445NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001108NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001409NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001425NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001449NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002243NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002345NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002378NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002489NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002529NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002535NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002537NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002548NCATS NIH HHS UM1 TR004528NHLBI NIH HHSNIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK017047NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK020541NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK020572NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK072476NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK079626NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK092926NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK098246NIDDK NIH HHS U01DK098246NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK119083NIDDK NIH HHS U34 DK088043NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM104940NIMHD NIH HHS R25 MD017950
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWe report mortality outcomes in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study (GRADE) among people with type 2 diabetes diagnosed within 10 years and no recent history of cardiovascular events or cancer. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsOverall mortality rates and major causes of death were assessed over an average of 5 years of follow-up. Cause of death was adjudicated centrally by a committee masked to treatment assignment. We examined baseline covariates and the 10-year Framingham Risk Score for associations.

resultsMortality rate was low (0.59 per 100 participant-years). Participants who died during follow-up were likely to be older, be male, have a history of hypertension, have a history of smoking, and have moderate albuminuria. The two most common underlying causes of death were "cardiovascular-cause" (a composite of underlying causes) (38.6%) and cancer (26.8%). There were no differences by treatment group.

conclusionsAmong people with diabetes of relatively short duration, cause of death was varied. Attention to health risks beyond cardiovascular diseases is warranted.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2HypertensionNeoplasmsHumansMaleRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID38252886
PMCPMC10973919
OpenAlexW4391091702

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.