Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38259175›Full record

ReviewJournal of diabetes investigation2024

Perspectives on genetic studies of type 2 diabetes from the genome-wide association studies era to precision medicine.

Minako Imamura, Shiro Maeda

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of diabetes investigation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
12.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. How does type 2 diabetes modify the risk of Alzheimer's disease?Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Metabolomics: Uncovering Insights into Obesity and Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Minako ImamuraDepartment of Advanced Genomic and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara-Cho, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1147-7627
Shiro MaedaDepartment of Advanced Genomic and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara-Cho, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6688-9875
University of the Ryukyus · JP

Funding

Grant from the Okinawa prefecture for promoting collaborative research of innovation and eco system
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have facilitated a substantial and rapid increase in the number of confirmed genetic susceptibility variants for complex diseases. Approximately 700 variants predisposing individuals to the risk for type 2 diabetes have been identified through GWAS until 2023. From 2018 to 2022, hundreds of type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci with smaller effect sizes were identified through large-scale GWAS with sample sizes of 200,000 to >1 million. The clinical translation of genetic information for type 2 diabetes includes the development of novel therapeutics and risk predictions. Although drug discovery based on loci identified in GWAS remains challenging owing to the difficulty of functional annotation, global efforts have been made to identify novel biological mechanisms and therapeutic targets by applying multi-omics approaches or searching for disease-associated coding variants in isolated founder populations. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs), comprising up to millions of associated variants, can identify individuals with higher disease risk than those in the general population. In populations of European descent, PRSs constructed from base GWAS data with a sample size of approximately 450,000 have predicted the onset of diseases well. However, European GWAS-derived PRSs have limited predictive performance in non-European populations. The predictive accuracy of a PRS largely depends on the sample size of the base GWAS data. The results of GWAS meta-analyses for multi-ethnic groups as base GWAS data and cross-population polygenic prediction methodology have been applied to establish a universal PRS applicable to small isolated ethnic populations.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2EthnicityGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic Risk ScoreGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansPrecision MedicineRisk FactorsGenome‐wide association studiesPolygenic risk scoresType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID38259175
PMCPMC10981147
OpenAlexW4391140194

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.