SynthesisPsychotherapy and psychosomatics2024
Neuropsychological Assessments of Cognitive Impairment in Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Meta-Regression.
Synthesis in Psychotherapy and psychosomatics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and Evidence Certainty of High-Frequency rTMS for Cognitive Impairment Across Neuropsychiatric Disorders: An Umbrella Review.Brain and behavior · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of exercise on cognitive function in patients with depression: a three-level meta-analysis with dose-response and exploratory mediation analyses.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026Pooled it
- Structural rather than functional brain alterations that characterize the differences between major depressive disorder and primary insomnia: a comparative meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Objectively measured cognitive function in insomnia patients with and without comorbid depression treated with cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia.BMC psychiatry · 2025Trial
- The genetic overlap between schizophrenia and major depression with cognitive function.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Bidirectional Associations Between Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults: Heterogeneity by Grandparenthood Status.Journal of Intelligence · 2026Article
- Adaptive Functioning in Clients With Intellectual Disabilities or Borderline Intellectual Functioning and Psychiatric Comorbidity.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2026Article
- Genome-wide pleiotropic analysis identifies shared genetic architecture within the cognition-immune nexus.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Network based associations between peer rejection and adolescent depression: evidence from general population and clinical samples.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Trajectories of late-life depression: insights from molecular imaging.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Cytokines and cognitive function in first-episode drug-naïve MDD: an inflammation panel perspective.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Article
- Cerebellar astrocytic alterations in depression.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- How Much Difference Does Depression Make to the Outcome of Neuropsychological Assessments of Patients With Epilepsy?European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Comparison of clinical features and cerebral glucose metabolism between patients with major depressive disorder and Parkinson's with depression.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- The kynurenine pathway in depression and schizophrenia: convergent signals, divergent states, and clinical signatures.EXCLI journal · 2026Review
- Development and Validation of a Predictive Model for Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults with Multimorbidity.Clinical interventions in aging · 2026Article
- Impact of immune function and white matter integrity on cognitive function in patients with bipolar disorder.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Cognition in Treatment-Resistant Depression: Obstacles and Challenges?Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Effects of exercise supplementary to standard therapy on cognition and sleep in depression: a randomised controlled trial.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Feasibility of smartphone app-based neuropsychological tasks for screening people with subclinical depression and anxiety: a preliminary validation study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionCognitive dysfunction or deficits are common in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The current study systematically reviews and meta-analyzes multiple domains of cognitive impairment in patients with MDD.
methodsPubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched from inception through May 17, 2023, with no language limits. Studies with the following inclusion criteria were included: (1) patients with a diagnosis of MDD using standardized diagnostic criteria; (2) healthy controls (i.e., those without MDD); (3) neuropsychological assessments of cognitive impairment using Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB); and (4) reports of sufficient data to quantify standardized effect sizes. Hedges' g standardized mean differences (SMDs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to quantify effect sizes of cognitive impairments in MDD. SMDs were estimated using a fixed- or random-effects models.
resultsOverall, 33 studies consisting of 2,596 subjects (n = 1,337 for patients with MDD and n = 1,259 for healthy controls) were included. Patients with MDD, when compared to healthy controls, had moderate cognitive deficits (SMD, -0.39 [95% CI, -0.47 to -0.31]). In our subgroup analyses, patients with treatment-resistant depression (SMD, -0.56 [95% CI, -0.78 to -0.34]) and older adults with MDD (SMD, -0.51 [95% CI, -0.66 to -0.36]) had greater cognitive deficits than healthy controls. The effect size was small among unmedicated patients with MDD (SMD, -0.19 [95% CI, -0.37 to -0.00]), and we did not find any statistical difference among children. Cognitive deficits were consistently found in all domains, except the reaction time. No publication bias was reported.
conclusionBecause cognitive impairment in MDD can persist in remission or increase the risk of major neurodegenerative disorders, remediation of cognitive impairment in addition to alleviation of depressive symptoms should be an important goal when treating patients with MDD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.