Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38289949›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2024

De novo design of modular protein hydrogels with programmable intra- and extracellular viscoelasticity.

Rubul Mout, Ross C Bretherton, Justin Decarreau, Sangmin Lee, Nicole Gregorio, Natasha I Edman, Maggie Ahlrichs, Yang Hsia, Danny D Sahtoe, George Ueda and 4 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
16.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Stimuli-triggered formation ofCell biomaterials · 2026
    Article
  7. Protein engineering: status report.Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS · 2026
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Engineered Protein Hydrogels as Biomimetic Cellular Scaffolds.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2024
    Review
  19. Advancing Synthetic Hydrogels through Nature-Inspired Materials Chemistry.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2024
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Rubul Mout *Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.ORCID 0000-0001-6125-5873
Ross C Bretherton *Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.
Justin DecarreauDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.ORCID 0000-0001-8996-7741
Sangmin LeeDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.ORCID 0000-0002-1145-4708
Nicole GregorioDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.ORCID 0000-0002-7287-209X
Natasha I EdmanDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.ORCID 0000-0002-7315-7127
Maggie AhlrichsDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.
Yang HsiaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.ORCID 0000-0001-7467-8373
Danny D SahtoeDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.ORCID 0000-0001-9095-0744
George UedaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.ORCID 0000-0002-9792-7149
Alee SharmaCollege of Professional Studies, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115.
Rebecca SchulmanDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.
Cole A DeForestInstitute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.ORCID 0000-0003-0337-3577
David BakerDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.ORCID 0000-0001-7896-6217
University of Washington · USBoston Children's Hospital · USJohns Hopkins University · USNortheastern University · US

Funding

Mimicking, Exploiting, and Understanding Biology's Heterogeneity in 4DR35GM138036 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Cole A DeForest · 2020 to 2026
$2.3M
Leica SP8 WWL Confocal MicroscopeS10OD016240 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI CATTERALL, WILLIAM A · 2014 to 2014
$581k
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM138036NIH HHS S10 OD016240
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Relating the macroscopic properties of protein-based materials to their underlying component microstructure is an outstanding challenge. Here, we exploit computational design to specify the size, flexibility, and valency of de novo protein building blocks, as well as the interaction dynamics between them, to investigate how molecular parameters govern the macroscopic viscoelasticity of the resultant protein hydrogels. We construct gel systems from pairs of symmetric protein homo-oligomers, each comprising 2, 5, 24, or 120 individual protein components, that are crosslinked either physically or covalently into idealized step-growth biopolymer networks. Through rheological assessment, we find that the covalent linkage of multifunctional precursors yields hydrogels whose viscoelasticity depends on the crosslink length between the constituent building blocks. In contrast, reversibly crosslinking the homo-oligomeric components with a computationally designed heterodimer results in viscoelastic biomaterials exhibiting fluid-like properties under rest and low shear, but solid-like behavior at higher frequencies. Exploiting the unique genetic encodability of these materials, we demonstrate the assembly of protein networks within living mammalian cells and show via fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) that mechanical properties can be tuned intracellularly in a manner similar to formulations formed extracellularly. We anticipate that the ability to modularly construct and systematically program the viscoelastic properties of designer protein-based materials could have broad utility in biomedicine, with applications in tissue engineering, therapeutic delivery, and synthetic biology.

Indexed as

Biocompatible MaterialsHydrogelsAnimalsBiopolymersMammalsBiocompatible MaterialsBiopolymersHydrogelsbiomolecular condensatede novo protein designprotein hydrogelsself-assemblyviscoelasticity

Identifiers

PMID38289949
PMCPMC10861882
OpenAlexW4391343655

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.