Evidence mapPaperPMID 38301270Full record

ReviewBrain : a journal of neurology2024

Brain cholesterol and Alzheimer's disease: challenges and opportunities in probe and drug development.

Hazem Ahmed, Yuqin Wang, William J Griffiths, Allan I Levey, Irina Pikuleva, Steven H Liang, Achi Haider

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Brain : a journal of neurology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
15.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Lipid metabolism in homeostasis and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Emerging Role of Oligodendrocytes Malfunction in the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Cell type-specific master metabolic regulators of Alzheimer's disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Hazem AhmedDepartment of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7047-5202
Yuqin WangInstitute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
William J GriffithsInstitute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK.
Allan I LeveyDepartment of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Irina PikulevaDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9742-6232
Steven H LiangDepartment of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Achi HaiderDepartment of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5204-4473
Emory University · USSwansea University · GBCase Western Reserve University · USHarvard University · USYale University · US

Funding

Subtype-selective phosphodiesterase PET ligandsR01AG079956 · NIA · EMORY UNIVERSITY · 2024 to 2025
$1.5M
PET ligand discovery for arginine vasopressinR01MH128705 · EMORY UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$1.2M
AMPAR ligand discovery for Alzheimer's diseaseR01AG073428 · EMORY UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$767k
Subtype-selective NMDA ligands for Alzheimer's DiseaseR01AG075444 · EMORY UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$762k
Ligand discovery for delineating cholesterol homeostasis in the brainR01AG070060 · EMORY UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$744k
PET imaging of ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling in Alzheimer's diseaseR21AG080262 · NIA · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Steven H Liang · 2024 to 2024
$196k
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG067552NIA NIH HHS R01 AG070060NIA NIH HHS R01 AG073428NIA NIH HHS R01 AG075444NIA NIH HHS R01 AG079956NIA NIH HHS R21 AG074218NIA NIH HHS R21 AG078058NIA NIH HHS R21 AG080262NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG073428NIH HHS AG067552NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH128705Swiss National Science Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cholesterol homeostasis is impaired in Alzheimer's disease; however, attempts to modulate brain cholesterol biology have not translated into tangible clinical benefits for patients to date. Several recent milestone developments have substantially improved our understanding of how excess neuronal cholesterol contributes to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. Indeed, neuronal cholesterol was linked to the formation of amyloid-β and neurofibrillary tangles through molecular pathways that were recently delineated in mechanistic studies. Furthermore, remarkable advances in translational molecular imaging have now made it possible to probe cholesterol metabolism in the living human brain with PET, which is an important prerequisite for future clinical trials that target the brain cholesterol machinery in Alzheimer's disease patients-with the ultimate aim being to develop disease-modifying treatments. This work summarizes current concepts of how the biosynthesis, transport and clearance of brain cholesterol are affected in Alzheimer's disease. Further, current strategies to reverse these alterations by pharmacotherapy are critically discussed in the wake of emerging translational research tools that support the assessment of brain cholesterol biology not only in animal models but also in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseBrainCholesterolDrug DevelopmentAnimalsHumansCholesterolAlzheimer’s diseasebrain cholesterol homeostasischolesterol lowering therapycytochrome P450 46A1 (CYP46A1)translational molecular imaging

Identifiers

PMID38301270
PMCPMC11068113
OpenAlexW4391452073

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.