Evidence mapPaperPMID 38303524Full record

ReviewCurrent diabetes reviews2025

Machine Learning and Augmented Intelligence Enables Prognosis of Type 2 Diabetes Prior to Clinical Manifestation.

Jonathan R T Lakey, Krista Casazza, Waldemar Lernhardt, Eric J Mathur, Ian Jenkins

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current diabetes reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jonathan R T LakeyGATC Health, 2030 Main Street, Suite 660, Irvine, CA 92614, CA, USA.
Krista CasazzaGATC Health, 2030 Main Street, Suite 660, Irvine, CA 92614, CA, USA.
Waldemar LernhardtGATC Health, 2030 Main Street, Suite 660, Irvine, CA 92614, CA, USA.
Eric J MathurGATC Health, 2030 Main Street, Suite 660, Irvine, CA 92614, CA, USA.
Ian JenkinsGATC Health, 2030 Main Street, Suite 660, Irvine, CA 92614, CA, USA.
University of California, Irvine · USIrvine University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe global incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) persists at epidemic proportions. Early diagnosis and/or preventive efforts are critical to attenuate the multi-systemic clinical manifestation and consequent healthcare burden. Despite enormous strides in the understanding of pathophysiology and on-going therapeutic development, effectiveness and access are persistent limitations. Among the greatest challenges, the extensive research efforts have not promulgated reliable predictive biomarkers for early detection and risk assessment. The emerging fields of multi-omics combined with machine learning (ML) and augmented intelligence (AI) have profoundly impacted the capacity for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine.

objectiveThis paper explores the current challenges associated with the identification of predictive biomarkers for T2D and discusses potential actionable solutions for biomarker identification and validation.

methodsThe articles included were collected from PubMed queries. The selected topics of inquiry represented a wide range of themes in diabetes biomarker prediction and prognosis.

resultsThe current criteria and cutoffs for T2D diagnosis are not optimal nor consider a myriad of contributing factors in terms of early detection. There is an opportunity to leverage AI and ML to significantly enhance the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the disease and identify prognostic biomarkers. The innovative technologies being developed by GATC are expected to play a crucial role in this pursuit via algorithm training and validation, enabling comprehensive and in-depth analysis of complex biological systems.

conclusionGATC is an emerging leader guiding the establishment of a systems approach towards research and predictive, personalized medicine. The integration of these technologies with clinical data can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of T2D, paving the way for precision medicine approaches and improved patient outcomes.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Machine LearningBiomarkersEarly DiagnosisHumansPrecision MedicinePrognosisBiomarkersaugmented intelligence (AI)biomarkersblood glucose.incidencemachine learning (ML)predictionType 2 diabetes (T2D)

Identifiers

PMID38303524
OpenAlexW4391480381

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.