ArticleAnnals of neurology2024
Associations of Serum Insulin and Related Measures With Neuropathology and Cognition in Older Persons With and Without Diabetes.
Article in Annals of neurology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- An elusive link between blood measures of advanced glycation end products and their receptors and cognitive impairment syndromes in people with diabetes: A scoping review.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Article
- Inflammatory, metabolic, and vascular pathways linking cardiorespiratory fitness to cognition: Results from the IGNITE study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Pharmacological Blocking of Adiponectin Receptors Induces Alzheimer's Disease-like Neuropathology and Impairs Hippocampal Function.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Review of Associations of Diabetes and Insulin Resistance With Brain Health in Three Harmonised Cohort Studies of Ageing and Dementia.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine associations of serum insulin and related measures with neuropathology and cognition in older persons.
methodsWe studied 192 older persons (96 with diabetes and 96 without, matched by sex and balanced by age-at-death, education, and postmortem interval) from a community-based, clinical-pathologic study of aging, with annual evaluations including neuropsychological testing (summarized into global cognition and 5 cognitive domains) and postmortem autopsy. We assessed serum insulin, glucose, leptin, adiponectin, hemoglobin A1C, advanced glycation-end products (AGEs), and receptors for advanced glycation-end products, and calculated the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and adiponectin-to-leptin ratio. Using adjusted regression analyses, we examined the associations of serum measures with neuropathology of cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease, and with the level of cognition proximate-to-death.
resultsHigher HOMA-IR was associated with the presence of brain infarcts and specifically microinfarcts, and higher HOMA-IR and leptin were each associated with subcortical infarcts. Further, higher leptin levels and lower adiponectin-to-leptin ratios were associated with the presence of moderate-to-severe atherosclerosis. Serum insulin and related measures were not associated with the level of Alzheimer's disease pathology, as assessed by global, as well as amyloid burden or tau tangle density scores. Regarding cognitive outcomes, higher insulin and leptin levels, and lower adiponectin and receptors for advanced glycation-end products levels, respectively, were each associated with lower levels of global cognition.
interpretationPeripheral insulin resistance indicated by HOMA-IR and related serum measures was associated with a greater burden of cerebrovascular neuropathology and lower cognition. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:665-676.
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