ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2024
Maternal plasma phospholipid polyunsaturated fatty acids in early pregnancy and thyroid function throughout pregnancy: a longitudinal study.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00912132 (The National Standard for Normal Fetal Growth), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The National Standard for Normal Fetal Growth
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between maternal thyroid function and adverse outcomes of pregnant women and offspring: evidence from an umbrella review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Pooled it
- Conjugated Linoleic Acid Alleviates Hepatic Steatosis and Liver Damage in Estradiol-Induced FLHS Roosters by Reshaping Lipid Metabolism and Inhibiting the MAPK/NF-κB-Mediated Inflammation Cascade.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Exploration of cfDNA landscape in NIPT and clinical utilities of cfDNA based gene expression inference in prenatal diagnostics.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEvidence has indicated that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)-enriched diet could reduce inflammation because of thyroid autoimmunity in vivo, and therefore, enhance thyroid function.
objectivesWe investigated whether early pregnancy plasma phospholipid PUFAs could benefit maternal thyroid function across pregnancy, which is critical to fetal brain development and growth in pregnancy.
methodsWithin the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Fetal Growth Studies-Singleton Cohort, we collected plasma samples longitudinally from 214 subjects [107 with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) matched with 107 controls] with a singleton pregnancy. We measured 11 PUFAs at early pregnancy (10-14 wk) and 5 thyroid biomarkers at 10-14, 15-26, 23-31, and 33-39 wk, including free thyroxine (fT4), free triiodothyronine (fT3), thyroid-stimulating hormone, antithyroid peroxidase, and antithyroglobulin. Associations of PUFAs with thyroid function biomarkers and relative risk (RR) of gestational hypothyroidism (GHT) during pregnancy were assessed using generalized linear mixed models and modified Poisson regression, respectively.
resultsAfter sample weighting because of subjects with GDM over-representing in the analytic sample with biomarkers, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) at early pregnancy was associated with a reduction of 0.24 pmol/L (95% confidence intervals: -0.31, -0.16) in fT3 across gestation per standard deviation (SD) increment, whereas docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) at early pregnancy was associated with an increment of 0.04 ng/dL (0.02, 0.05) in fT4 across gestation per SD increment. Furthermore, EPA and docosatetraenoic acid (DTA) were associated with lower risks of persistent GHT (EPA-RR: 0.13; 0.06, 0.28; DTA-RR: 0.24; 0.13, 0.44) per SD increment. All significant associations remained robust in sensitivity analysis and multiple testing.
conclusionsCertain plasma phospholipid PUFAs were associated with optimal levels of thyroid biomarkers and even lower risk of GHT throughout pregnancy, which might be potentially targeted for maternal thyroid regulation in early pregnancy. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: This trial was registered at https://beta. CLINICALTRIALS: gov/study/NCT00912132?distance=50&term=NCT00912132&rank=1 as NCT00912132.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.