Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38409697›Full record

ArticleCurrent drug metabolism2024

Effect of High Altitude Environment on Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic of Warfarin in Rats.

Xiaojing Zhang, Hongfang Mu, Yan Zhong, Rong Wang, Wenbin Li

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Current drug metabolism, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 40% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. [Effect of High-Altitude Hypoxia on the Pharmacokinetics and Brain Distribution of Phenytoin Sodium in Epileptic Rats].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xiaojing ZhangDepartment of Pharmacy, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China.
Hongfang MuDepartment of Pharmacy, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China.
Yan ZhongDepartment of Pharmacy, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China.
Rong WangDepartment of Pharmacy, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China.
Wenbin LiDepartment of Pharmacy, 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China.
Chinese People's Liberation Army · CN

Funding

940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army 2021yxky082Gansu Science and Technology Department 22JR5RA017, 21JR7RA009
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHigh altitude environment affects the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of drugs and the PK parameters are an important theoretical basis for guiding the rational clinical use of drugs. Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant of the coumarin class commonly used in clinical practice, but it has a narrow therapeutic window and wide individual variation. However, the effect of high altitude environment on PK and pharmacodynamic (PD) of warfarin is unclear.

objectiveThe objective of this study is to investigate the effect of a high altitude environment on PK and PD of warfarin in rats.

methodRats were randomly divided into plain group and high altitude group and blood samples were collected through the orbital venous plexus after administration of 2 mg/kg warfarin. Warfarin concentrations in plasma samples were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and PK parameters were calculated by the non-compartment model using WinNonlin 8.1 software. Meanwhile, the expression of PXR, P-gp and CYP2C9 in liver tissues was also determined by western blotting. The effect of high altitude environment on PD of warfarin was explored by measuring activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) values and then calculated international normalized ratio (INR) values based on PT.

resultsSignificant changes in PK behaviors and PD of warfarin in high altitude-rats were observed. Compared with the plain-rats, the peak concentration (C

conclusionHigh altitude environment inhibited the metabolism and increased the absorption of warfarin in rats and increased the effect of anticoagulant effect, suggesting that the optimal dose of warfarin for patients at high altitude should be reassessed.

Indexed as

AltitudeAnticoagulantsRats, Sprague-DawleyWarfarinAnimalsCytochrome P-450 CYP2C9International Normalized RatioLiverMalePartial Thromboplastin TimePregnane X ReceptorProthrombin TimeRatsTandem Mass SpectrometryAnticoagulantsCytochrome P-450 CYP2C9Pregnane X ReceptorWarfarinanticoagulant effetHigh altitude environmentmetabolismpharmacodynamicpharmacokineticwarfarin.

Identifiers

PMID38409697
OpenAlexW4392195314

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.