ArticleClinical proteomics2024
Proteomic analysis of breast cancer based on immune subtypes.
Article in Clinical proteomics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Proteomic Biomarker Discovery in Breast Cancer: Advances, Challenges, and Translational Prospects.Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2026Review
- Peripheral blood CD14 + monocytes in luminal breast carcinoma subtypes: in preliminary research and overview of candidate biomarker proteins.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The interplay of the microbiome and breast cancer: beyond the gut: a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Roles of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Antitumor Immune Responses as Predictive and Prognostic Markers in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Bioinformatics Strategies in Breast Cancer Research.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Proteomics in Diagnostic Evaluation and Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Scoping Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmunotherapy is applied to breast cancer to resolve the limitations of survival gain in existing treatment modalities. With immunotherapy, a tumor can be classified into immune-inflamed, excluded and desert based on the distribution of immune cells. We assessed the clinicopathological features, each subtype's prognostic value and differentially expressed proteins between immune subtypes.
methodsImmune subtyping and proteomic analysis were performed on 56 breast cancer cases with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The immune subtyping was based on the level of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and Klintrup criteria. If the level of TILs was ≥ 10%, it was classified as immune-inflamed type without consideration of the Klintrup criteria. In cases of 1-9% TIL, Klintrup criteria 1-3 were classified as the immune-excluded subtype and Klintrup criteria not available (NA) was classified as NA. Cases of 1% TILs and Klintrup 0 were classified as the immune-desert subtype. Mass spectrometry was used to identify differentially expressed proteins in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsy tissues.
resultsOf the 56 cases, 31 (55%) were immune-inflamed, 21 (38%) were immune-excluded, 2 (4%) were immune-desert and 2 (4%) were NA. Welch's t-test revealed two differentially expressed proteins between immune-inflamed and immune-excluded/desert subtypes. Coronin-1A was upregulated in immune-inflamed tumors (adjusted p = 0.008) and α-1-antitrypsin was upregulated in immune-excluded/desert tumors (adjusted p = 0.008). Titin was upregulated in pathologic complete response (pCR) than non-pCR among immune-inflamed tumors (adjusted p = 0.036).
conclusionsCoronin-1A and α-1-antitrypsin were upregulated in immune-inflamed and immune-excluded/desert subtypes, respectively. Titin's elevated expression in pCR within the immune-inflamed subtype may indicate a favorable prognosis. Further studies involving large representative cohorts are necessary to validate these findings.
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