ArticleBMC public health2024
The effectiveness of a theory -based health education program on waterpipe smoking cessation in Iran: one year follow-up of a quasi-experimental research.
Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding the mechanisms of change in social norms around tobacco use: A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- The effect of an educational program on Hookah smoking among female university students: applying the integrated model of theory of planned behavior and prototype willingness model.BMC medical education · 2025Trial
- Effectiveness of an Interactive School-Based Oral Health Educational Program on Periodontal Status Among Palestinian Adolescents: An Intervention Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a questionnaire to assess women's hookah smoking: insights from a multi-stage study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Contribution of smoking to the global burden of bladder cancer from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2046.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
- A qualitative exploration of experts' views about multi-dimensional aspects of hookah smoking control in Iran.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Trends and Disparities in Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking Among US Adolescents and Adults: PATH Study 2013-2021.Tobacco use insights · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe present research aimed to determine the effect of an educational intervention based on the extended theory of planned behavior (ETPB) on waterpipe (WT) smoking cessation in women.
methodsThe present quasi-experimental had a pre-test, post-test design with 3, 6 and 12 months follow-ups was conducted in Bandar Abbas city, south of Iran in December 2021-March 2023. A total of 448 women over the age of 15 (224 in the intervention group (IG), 224 in the control group (CG)), using a two-stage cluster sampling method participated. The educational intervention focused on WT smoking cessation implemented in 14 sessions. The educational methods in the training sessions were lectures, collaborative discussions, Q&As, brainstorming, role plays, and peer education. The main outcome was WT cessation behavior. Repeated measures ANOVA tests and post hoc were run to compare the IG and CG at baseline in terms of demographic variables, t-test and chi square test, and in the four points of time of data collection. The data were analyzed in Stata14. A p-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
resultsThe mean and standard deviation of WT cessation behavior and all ETPB constructs in the IG was significantly higher than the CG. After the educational intervention, in the IG, the perceived behavioral control, attitude, subjective norm, intention and knowledge increased, and the weekly smoking and WT smoking habit decreased (P < 0.001). The CG did not have any significant change in other variables except for the increased knowledge score. During the 12-month follow-up, the cessation rate was 43.81% (P = 0.645) in the IG and 7.45% in the CG (P = 0.081).
conclusionsThe educational intervention positively affected WT smoking reduction and cessation in women through influencing the ETPB constructs. It is strongly recommended to design theory-based interventions beyond the individual level with an emphasis on interpersonal relationships to facilitate WT cessation as far as possible.
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