ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2024
Animal models for type 1 and type 2 diabetes: advantages and limitations.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the biomarkers of diabetic-cardiomyopathy with the high mobility group box-1 as a potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic target: Systematic Review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Exploring the potential of computer simulation models in drug testing and biomedical research: a systematic review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Microfluidic-engineered glucose-responsive microparticle depot for smart insulin delivery.Drug delivery · 2026Article
- Impaired long-term depression mediated by group I metabotropic glutamate receptors, but not muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in juvenile-onset diabetes rats.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Dose-Dependent Protective Effects of Agmatine on Sublingual Gland Dysfunction and Pancreatic Damage in Experimental Diabetes: Evidence From Histological, Biochemical, and Immunohistochemical Analyses.Microscopy research and technique · 2026Article
- Fixed-dose streptozotocin combined with high-fat diet induces a stable type 2 diabetes-like phenotype in C57BL/6J mice.Disease models & mechanisms · 2026Article
- Histopathological and Transcriptomic Alterations in Metabolic Organs: A Case Study from a Spontaneously Diabetic Rhesus Macaque.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- Peripheral metabolic dysfunction is associated with cognitive frailty in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Metabolomic Insights on Obesity and Diabetes from Feeding Diets Varying in Carbohydrate-Fat Ratios in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) and Lean Zucker (ZInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Exosomes in precision dermatology: From biomarkers to targeted therapeutics in personalized care.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Review
- Development of a 3D collagen type I hydrogel scaffold for modeling hyperglycemia-induced spinal neuronal damage and therapeutic evaluation.Histochemistry and cell biology · 2026Article
- Phytochemical and Preliminary Biological Evaluation ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Intermittent Fasting Restores Cardiac Lipid Homeostasis in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Association With Akkermansia Muciniphila and 1-methyl-L-histidine.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Innovative strategies for diabetic peripheral neuropathy: From clinical management to emerging bioengineering solutions.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Stem cell-based therapies for type 1 diabetes: Progress in differentiation, clinical translation, and immune protection.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Probiotic and paraprobiotic intervention modulates testicular DNA methylation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: insights into the role of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Inhibition of miR-181c-5p Rescues Diabetes-Impaired Angiogenesis in Ischemia and Wound Healing.Diabetes · 2026Article
- Article
- Early diabetes-like phenotypes in germ-free mice induced by gut microbiota from patients with type 2 diabetes.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by chronic elevation in blood glucose levels, resulting from inadequate insulin production, defective cellular response to extracellular insulin, and/or impaired glucose metabolism. The two main types that account for most diabetics are type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), each with their own pathophysiological features. T1D is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This leads to lack of insulin, a vital hormone for regulating blood sugar levels and cellular glucose uptake. As a result, those with T1D depend on lifelong insulin therapy to control their blood glucose level. In contrast, T2DM is characterized by insulin resistance, where the body's cells do not respond effectively to insulin, coupled with a relative insulin deficiency. This form of diabetes is often associated with obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and/or genetic factors, and it is managed with lifestyle changes and oral medications. Animal models play a crucial role in diabetes research. However, given the distinct differences between T1DM and T2DM, it is imperative for researchers to employ specific animal models tailored to each condition for a better understanding of the impaired mechanisms underlying each condition, and for assessing the efficacy of new therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the distinct animal models used in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus research and discuss their strengths and limitations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.