ArticleMethodsX2024
Preparation of a universally usable, animal product free, defined medium for 2D and 3D culturing of normal and cancer cells.
Article in MethodsX, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cell line identity rather than medium composition determines transcriptomic profiles of HepaRG and HuH7 cells cultured in chemically defined or serum-based media: comparison with primary human hepatocytes.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Alternatives for fetal bovine serum (FBS) and sustainability of milk derivatives in cell culture.Biological research · 2026Review
- Exploring ethical, sustainable and effective foetal bovine serum alternatives forFrontiers in toxicology · 2026Review
- Next-generation full-thickness human skin models produced using 3D electrospun scaffolds and animal-component-free culture media.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- Establishment of human-relevantFrontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- An animal component-free bioprocess for synthesizing 3D human matrix scaffolds using mesenchymal stromal cells.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Comparison of prostate cancer cell line growth in fetal bovine serum and animal free supplements.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Revisiting 3Rs: rethinking replacement and new approach methodologies.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Article
- Humanising nanotoxicology: replacement of animal-derived products in the application of integrated approaches to testing and assessment of nanomaterial inhalation hazard.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Fetal bovine serum: how to leave it behind in the pursuit of more reliable science.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Review
- Promoting ethical and reproducible cell culture: implementing animal-free alternatives to teaching in molecular and cell biology.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Article
- Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of Fetal Bovine Serum composition: toward ethical and best qualityNAM journal · 2025Article
- Considering future qualification for regulatory science in the early development of microphysiological systems: a case study of microthrombosis in a Vessel-on-Chip.Frontiers in toxicology · 2024Article
- Increasing sustainability and reproducibility ofFrontiers in toxicology · 2024Article
- Use of serum-free media for peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture and the impact on T and B cell readouts.Frontiers in toxicology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since 1958, cell culture media supplemented with fetal bovine serum is used, despite the well-known concerns about animal welfare, reproducibility, reliability, relevance, and safety. To obliterate these concerns and increase scientific accuracy, we recently published an open access, publicly available paper on a defined medium composition to make it possible for any lab to prepare this medium. The medium supports routine culturing and cell banking as well as investigations of growth curves, dose response testing of compounds of cells in 2D and 3D, and cell migration; all important aspects for research and toxicology. Here we give a detailed description of how to mix the defined universal cell culture medium in 14 simple steps to support any entity that wishes to make it. We also list different normal and cancer cell lines that have been cultured in the defined medium.•Open source composition of animal product free universal cell culture medium•Protocols for mixing solutions of small xeno free molecules for supplementation•Protocols for mixing solutions of human proteins for supplementation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.