Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38453145›Full record

ArticleHuman molecular genetics2024

A multi-ancestry genome-wide association study in type 1 diabetes.

Dominika A Michalek, Courtney Tern, Wei Zhou, Catherine C Robertson, Emily Farber, Paul Campolieto, Wei-Min Chen, Suna Onengut-Gumuscu, Stephen S Rich

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human molecular genetics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Genetic basis of Asian diabetes.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Dominika A MichalekCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, 1330 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-0634-0319
Courtney TernCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, 1330 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States.
Wei ZhouAnalytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, United States.
Catherine C RobertsonCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, 1330 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States.
Emily FarberCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, 1330 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States.
Paul CampolietoCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, 1330 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States.
Wei-Min ChenCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, 1330 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States.
Suna Onengut-GumuscuCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, 1330 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States.
Stephen S RichCenter for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, 1330 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States.

Funding

Type 1 Diabetes Genetics ConsortiumU01DK062418 · NIDDK · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI RICH, STEPHEN S. · 2002 to 2007
$59.8M
Functional Mechanisms of T1D Risk Variants and their Target Genes using 3D Epigenomics and Single Cell ApproachesR01DK122586 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI GRANT, STRUAN F A, RICH, STEPHEN S. · 2019 to 2022
$4.8M
Systematic identification of functional T1D-associated non-coding SNPs using genetic, transcriptomic and epigenetic methodsDP3DK111906 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI RICH, STEPHEN S. · 2016 to 2016
$4.0M
Relationship inference in large genetic dataR01HG008965 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI CHEN, WEI-MIN · 2016 to 2020
$2.0M
An integrative approach to disease gene discovery combining genetic variation, gene expression, and epigenetics.R00HG012222 · NHGRI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Wei Zhou · 2024 to 2026
$747k
An integrative approach to disease gene discovery combining genetic variation, gene expression, and epigenetics.K99HG012222 · NHGRI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI ZHOU, WEI · 2022 to 2023
$319k
Breakthrough T1D 1-2001-916Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust 2204-05134NHGRI NIH HHS K99 HG012222NHGRI NIH HHS R00 HG012222NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG008965NHGRI NIH HHS R01HG008965NIDDK NIH HHS DP3 DK111906NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK122586NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK062418
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease caused by destruction of the pancreatic β-cells. Genome-wide association (GWAS) and fine mapping studies have been conducted mainly in European ancestry (EUR) populations. We performed a multi-ancestry GWAS to identify SNPs and HLA alleles associated with T1D risk and age at onset. EUR families (N = 3223), and unrelated individuals of African (AFR, N = 891) and admixed (Hispanic/Latino) ancestry (AMR, N = 308) were genotyped using the Illumina HumanCoreExome BeadArray, with imputation to the TOPMed reference panel. The Multi-Ethnic HLA reference panel was utilized to impute HLA alleles and amino acid residues. Logistic mixed models (T1D risk) and frailty models (age at onset) were used for analysis. In GWAS meta-analysis, seven loci were associated with T1D risk at genome-wide significance: PTPN22, HLA-DQA1, IL2RA, RNLS, INS, IKZF4-RPS26-ERBB3, and SH2B3, with four associated with T1D age at onset (PTPN22, HLA-DQB1, INS, and ERBB3). AFR and AMR meta-analysis revealed NRP1 as associated with T1D risk and age at onset, although NRP1 variants were not associated in EUR ancestry. In contrast, the PTPN22 variant was significantly associated with risk only in EUR ancestry. HLA alleles and haplotypes most significantly associated with T1D risk in AFR and AMR ancestry differed from that seen in EUR ancestry; in addition, the HLA-DRB1*08:02-DQA1*04:01-DQB1*04:02 haplotype was 'protective' in AMR while HLA-DRB1*08:01-DQA1*04:01-DQB1*04:02 haplotype was 'risk' in EUR ancestry, differing only at HLA-DRB1*08. These results suggest that much larger sample sizes in non-EUR populations are required to capture novel loci associated with T1D risk.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyPolymorphism, Single NucleotideAdolescentAge of OnsetAllelesBlack PeopleChildFemaleHispanic or LatinoHLA AntigensHLA-DQ alpha-ChainsHumansMaleWhite PeopleHLA AntigensHLA-DQA1 antigenHLA-DQ alpha-Chainsgenome-wide association studyHLAhuman geneticstype 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID38453145
PMCPMC11102596

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.