SynthesisMedicine2024
Risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia in hip fracture patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association Between Hospital Harms and 1-Year Mortality Following a Hip Fracture in Ontario, Canada: A Cohort Study.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to comprehensively assess the prevalence and risk factors for Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in hip fracture patients by meta-analysis.
methodsSystematically searched 4 English databases and 4 Chinese databases from inception until October 20, 2022. All studies involving risk factors of HAP in patients with hip fractures will be considered. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. The results were presented through Review Manager 5.4 with the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval.
resultsOf 35 articles included in this study, the incidence of HAP was 8.9%. 43 risk factors for HAP were initially included, 23 were eventually involved in the meta-analysis, and 21 risk factors were significant. Among them, the 4 most frequently mentioned risk factors were as follows: Advanced age (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.05-1.10), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR 3.44, 95% CI 2.83-4.19), time from injury to operation (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.07-1.12), time from injury to operation ≥ 48 hours (OR 3.59, 95% CI 2.88-4.48), and hypoalbuminemia < 3.5g/dL (OR 2.68, 95% CI 2.15-3.36). DISCUSSION: Hip fracture patients diagnosed with COPD have a 3.44 times higher risk of HAP compared to the general hip fracture patients. The risk of HAP also increases with age, with patients over 70 having a 2.34-fold higher risk and those over 80 having a 2.98-fold higher risk. These findings highlight the need for tailored preventive measures and timely interventions in vulnerable patient populations. Additionally, hip fracture patients who wait more than 48 hours for surgery have a 3.59-fold higher incidence of HAP. This emphasizes the importance of swift surgical intervention to minimize HAP risk. However, there are limitations to consider in this study, such as heterogeneity in selected studies, inclusion of only factors identified through multivariate logistic regression, and the focus on non-randomized controlled trial studies.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.