Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38466174›Full record

ReviewJournal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition2024

Common questions and misconceptions about caffeine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?

Jose Antonio, Daniel E Newmire, Jeffrey R Stout, Brandi Antonio, Maureen Gibbons, Lonnie M Lowery, Joseph Harper, Darryn Willoughby, Cassandra Evans, Dawn Anderson and 10 more

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
15.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  3. Caffeine's influence on vertical jump height: a real-life collegiate student-athlete approach.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025
    Trial
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
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  9. Caffeine in Aging Brains: Cognitive Enhancement, Neurodegeneration, and Emerging Concerns About Addiction.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Review
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  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 13 institutions in 4 countries.

Jose AntonioNova Southeastern University, Department of Health and Human Performance, Davie, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8930-1058
Daniel E NewmireTexas Woman's University, Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Health Promotion and Kinesiology, Denton, TX, USA.
Jeffrey R StoutUniversity of Central Florida, College of Health Professions and Sciences, Orlando, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6114-1649
Brandi AntonioUniversity of Central Florida, College of Health Professions and Sciences, Orlando, FL, USA.
Maureen GibbonsThe Woodlands, Active Medical Solutions, TX, USA.
Lonnie M LoweryNutrition, Exercise and Wellness Associates, Cuyahoga Falls, OH, USA.
Joseph HarperWalsh University, Department of Exercise Science, North Canton, OH, USA.
Darryn WilloughbySchool of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX, USA.
Cassandra EvansNova Southeastern University, Department of Health and Human Performance, Davie, FL, USA.
Dawn AndersonIndiana Tech, Exercise and Sport Performance Laboratory, Fort Wayne, IN, USA.
Erica GoldsteinStetson University, Department of Health Sciences, Deland, FL, USA.
Jose RojasKeiser University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
Matías Monsalves-ÁlvarezUniversidad de O´Higgins, Exercise Metabolism and Nutrition Laboratory. Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Rancagua, Chile.
Scott C ForbesBrandon University, Department of Physical Education Studies, CBrandon, MB, Canada.
Jose Gomez LopezMotion Human Performance Laboratory, Lo Barnechea, Chile.
Tim ZiegenfussThe Center for Applied Health Sciences, Canfield, OH, USA.
Blake D MouldingUniversity of Regina, Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Regina, SK, Canada.
Darren CandowUniversity of Regina, Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Regina, SK, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-6655-4482
Michael SagnerFaculty of Medicine King's College, Longdon, England.
Shawn M ArentUniversity of South Carolina, Arnold School of Public Health, Columbia, SC, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0647-0591
Nova Southeastern University · USUniversity of Central Florida · USUniversity of Regina · CAWalsh University · USBrandon University · CAIndiana Institute of Technology · USKeiser University · USStetson University · USTexas Woman's University · USThe King's College · USUniversity of Mary Hardin–Baylor · USUniversity of O'Higgins · CLUniversity of South Carolina · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Caffeine is a popular ergogenic aid that has a plethora of evidence highlighting its positive effects. A Google Scholar search using the keywords "caffeine" and "exercise" yields over 200,000 results, emphasizing the extensive research on this topic. However, despite the vast amount of available data, it is intriguing that uncertainties persist regarding the effectiveness and safety of caffeine. These include but are not limited to: 1. Does caffeine dehydrate you at rest? 2. Does caffeine dehydrate you during exercise? 3. Does caffeine promote the loss of body fat? 4. Does habitual caffeine consumption influence the performance response to acute caffeine supplementation? 5. Does caffeine affect upper vs. lower body performance/strength differently? 6. Is there a relationship between caffeine and depression? 7. Can too much caffeine kill you? 8. Are there sex differences regarding caffeine's effects? 9. Does caffeine work for everyone? 10. Does caffeine cause heart problems? 11. Does caffeine promote the loss of bone mineral? 12. Should pregnant women avoid caffeine? 13. Is caffeine addictive? 14. Does waiting 1.5-2.0 hours after waking to consume caffeine help you avoid the afternoon "crash?" To answer these questions, we performed an evidence-based scientific evaluation of the literature regarding caffeine supplementation.

Indexed as

CaffeinePerformance-Enhancing SubstancesAdipose TissueDietary SupplementsExerciseFemaleHumansMalePregnancyCaffeinePerformance-Enhancing SubstancesErgogenic aidexerciseperformancesupplement

Identifiers

PMID38466174
PMCPMC10930107
OpenAlexW4392662556

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.