ArticleCells2024
Advanced Glycation End Products Upregulate CD40 in Human Retinal Endothelial and Müller Cells: Relevance to Diabetic Retinopathy.
Article in Cells, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping ophthalmic research on glycosylation and glycation: a PRISMA-compliant bibliometric and co‑citation analysis.Future science OA · 2026Article
- Review
- Advances in the Role of the CD40-CD154 Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Factors Associated with Machine Learning-Based Predictions of Retinal Aging Using Teleretinal Screening Images from Patients with Diabetes.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- The CD40-CD154 axis in transplantation: from immunobiology to therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- AAV2.7m8 transduction of stage 2 human retinal organoids induces highly variable responses in innate and inflammatory gene expression and cytokine secretion.Experimental eye research · 2025Article
- Diabetic retinopathy and Alzheimer's disease: Convergence of the unfolded protein response in neurodegeneration.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Review
- Liquid Biopsy Combined with Multi-Omics Approaches in Diagnosis, Management, and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- CD40 Induces Unfolded Protein Response, Upregulation of VEGF, and Vascular Leakage in Diabetic Retinopathy.Diabetes · 2025Article
- Untargeted metabolomic and proteomic analysis implicates SIRT2 as a novel therapeutic target for diabetic nephropathy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Melatonin Modulates ZAP70 and CD40 Transcripts via Histone Modifications in Canine Ileum Epithelial Cells.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Non-ocular biomarkers for early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy by non-invasive methods.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- The roles of advanced glycation end products in cardiovascular diseases: from mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Antibody-based therapeutics and therapeutic development for diabetic retinopathy: targeting VEGF, Ang/Tie, and inflammatory pathways.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Obtusin ameliorates diabetic retinopathy by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation.Psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Methylglyoxal: A Key Factor for Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Effects on Retinal Damage.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- IC100, a humanized therapeutic monoclonal anti-ASC antibody alleviates oxygen-induced retinopathy in mice.Angiogenesis · 2024Article
- Knockdown of HCK promotes HREC cell viability and inner blood-retinal barrier integrity by regulating the AMPK signaling pathway.Open life sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
CD40 induces pro-inflammatory responses in endothelial and Müller cells and is required for the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). CD40 is upregulated in these cells in patients with DR. CD40 upregulation is a central feature of CD40-driven inflammatory disorders. What drives CD40 upregulation in the diabetic retina remains unknown. We examined the role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in CD40 upregulation in endothelial cells and Müller cells. Human endothelial cells and Müller cells were incubated with unmodified or methylglyoxal (MGO)-modified fibronectin. CD40 expression was assessed by flow cytometry. The expression of ICAM-1 and CCL2 was examined by flow cytometry or ELISA after stimulation with CD154 (CD40 ligand). The expression of carboxymethyl lysine (CML), fibronectin, and laminin as well as CD40 in endothelial and Müller cells from patients with DR was examined by confocal microscopy. Fibronectin modified by MGO upregulated CD40 in endothelial and Müller cells. CD40 upregulation was functionally relevant. MGO-modified fibronectin enhanced CD154-driven upregulation of ICAM-1 and CCL2 in endothelial and Müller cells. Increased CD40 expression in endothelial and Müller cells from patients with DR was associated with increased CML expression in fibronectin and laminin. These findings identify AGEs as inducers of CD40 upregulation in endothelial and Müller cells and enhancers of CD40-dependent pro-inflammatory responses. CD40 upregulation in these cells is associated with higher CML expression in fibronectin and laminin in patients with DR. This study revealed that CD40 and AGEs, two important drivers of DR, are interconnected.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.