Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38478154›Full record

ArticleAnnals of nuclear medicine2024

Flare phenomenon visualized by

Xue Zhang, Kenichi Nakajima, Atsushi Mizokami, Hiroyuki Horikoshi, Koshiro Nishimoto, Katsuyoshi Hashine, Hideyasu Matsuyama, Satoru Takahashi, Hiroshi Wakabayashi, Seigo Kinuya

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of nuclear medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Xue ZhangDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Kenichi NakajimaDepartment of Functional Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan. nakajima@med.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7188-8746
Atsushi MizokamiDepartment of Urology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Hiroyuki HorikoshiDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, Gunma Prefectural Cancer Center, Ota, Japan.
Koshiro NishimotoDepartment of Uro-Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan.
Katsuyoshi HashineDepartment of Urology, NHO Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama, Japan.
Hideyasu MatsuyamaDepartment of Urology, JA Yamaguchi Kouseiren Nagato General Hospital, Nagato, Japan.
Satoru TakahashiDepartment of Urology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiroshi WakabayashiDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Seigo KinuyaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study aimed to determine the prognostic value of the flare phenomenon in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) using the bone scan index (BSI) derived from

methodsWe categorized 72 patients from the PROSTAT-BSI registry with mCRPC who were followed-up for 2 years after starting docetaxel chemotherapy to groups based on pre-chemotherapy BSI values of < 1, 1-4, and > 4. We assessed the effects of the flare phenomenon (defined as a > 10% increase in the BSI within 3 months of starting chemotherapy, followed by > 10% improvement within the next 3 months) on survival using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard analyses.

resultsThe flare phenomenon was found in 26 (36%) of the 72 patients. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels steadily increased, then deteriorated in patients with and without flare, respectively. Elevated BSI and PSA values at 3 months after starting therapy and the absence of abiraterone or/and enzalutamide therapy led to poor 2-year overall survival (OS) in the group without flare. In contrast, no influence was noticeable in the group with flare. The results of multivariable analyses that included only factors associated with PSA and BSI showed that increased baseline BSI (hazard ratio [HR], 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.86; P = 0.023) and PSA (HR, 7.15; 95% CI 2.13-24.04; P = 0.0015) values could be independent risk factors for patients with mCRPC without flare. However, these factors lost significance during flare. The risk for all-cause death was significantly higher among patients with BSI > 4 without, than with flare. The results of univariable analyses indicated that flare positively impacted survival (HR, 0.24; 95% CI 0.06‒0.91; P = 0.035). Multivariable analysis did not identify any factors that could predict outcomes.

conclusionFavorable prognosis, with fewer disturbances from other factors such as the use of abiraterone or/and enzalutamide, PSA changes, and BSI, was attainable in cases when the mCRPC patient demonstrated flare phenomenon. Follow-up bone scintigraphy at least every 3 months could help to determine the prognosis of patients with bone metastasis of mCRPC.

Indexed as

Bone NeoplasmsProstatic Neoplasms, Castration-ResistantRadionuclide ImagingAgedAged, 80 and overBone and BonesHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisProstate-Specific AntigenTechnetium Tc 99m MedronateProstate-Specific AntigenTechnetium Tc 99m MedronateBiomarkerBone scan indexChemotherapyMulticenter studyPrognosis

Identifiers

PMID38478154
PMCPMC11108890

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.