ArticleInternational urology and nephrology2024
Phosphate is associated with frailty in older patients with chronic kidney disease not on dialysis.
Article in International urology and nephrology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- A Snapshot View of Sarcopenia and Frailty Status in Kidney Transplant Recipients.Clinical transplantation · 2026Article
- The association between multimorbidity and intrinsic capacity decline among older adults: the mediating role of frailty.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Skeletal Muscle Injury in Chronic Kidney Disease-From Histologic Changes to Molecular Mechanisms and to Novel Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeFrailty is common in older patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and has been considered an independent risk factor for adverse clinical outcomes in this population. CKD-associated mineral and bone metabolism (CKD-MBD) increases energy expenditure and causes malnutrition and inflammation leading to frailty. We investigated whether CKD-MBD markers and energy metabolism are associated with frailty in patients with advanced CKD on conservative management.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, we investigated factors associated with frailty in a sample of 75 patients ≥ 65 years, with stage 4 or 5 CKD. Collected data included age, sex, body mass index, physical activity status, educational level, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and laboratory markers. Frailty was evaluated according to Fried's classification.
resultsFrailty was observed in 51.3% and pre-frailty in 47.3%. The frail population was significantly older, with a high proportion of females, more inactive, had lower educational levels, spent a long time sitting throughout the day, and had higher phosphate and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21). In the multivariate logistic analysis age (odds ratio 1.13, p = 0.026) and phosphate (odds ratio 3.38, p = 0.021) remained independently associated with frailty.
conclusionSerum phosphate seems to be a toxin associated with the frailty phenotype in older patients with CKD. Whether strategies to decrease serum phosphate would reduce the risk of frailty in this population deserves further evaluation.
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