Evidence mapPaperPMID 38508613Full record

ArticleBMJ open2024

Temporal trends of ambulance time intervals for suspected stroke/transient ischaemic attack (TIA) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ireland: a quasi-experimental study.

Edel Burton, Rory Quinn, Kieran Crosbie-Staunton, Conor Deasy, Siobhan Masterson, Cathal O'Donnell, Áine Merwick, David Willis, Patricia M Kearney, Vera J C Mc Carthy and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Edel BurtonSchool of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland edel.burton@ucc.ie.ORCID 0000-0002-5847-0174
Rory QuinnNational Ambulance Service, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland.
Kieran Crosbie-StauntonNational Ambulance Service, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland.
Conor DeasyDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
Siobhan MastersonNational Ambulance Service, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-3003-4792
Cathal O'DonnellNational Ambulance Service, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland.
Áine MerwickNeurology Department, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
David WillisNational Ambulance Service, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland.
Patricia M KearneySchool of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0001-9599-3540
Vera J C Mc CarthySchool of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Claire M BuckleySchool of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
University College Cork · IEHealth Service Executive · IECork University Hospital · IEOllscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway · IE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTime is a fundamental component of acute stroke and transient ischaemic attack (TIA) care, thus minimising prehospital delays is a crucial part of the stroke chain of survival. COVID-19 restrictions were introduced in Ireland in response to the pandemic, which resulted in major societal changes. However, current research on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on prehospital care for stroke/TIA is limited to early COVID-19 waves. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on ambulance time intervals and suspected stroke/TIA call volume for adults with suspected stroke and TIA in Ireland, from 2018 to 2021.

designWe conducted a secondary data analysis with a quasi-experimental design.

settingWe used data from the National Ambulance Service in Ireland. We defined the COVID-19 period as '1 March 2020-31 December 2021' and the pre-COVID-19 period '1 January 2018-29 February 2020'. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: We compared five ambulance time intervals: 'allocation performance', 'mobilisation performance', 'response time', 'on scene time' and 'conveyance time' between the two periods using descriptive and regression analyses. We also compared call volume for suspected stroke/TIA between the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 periods using interrupted time series analysis.

participantsWe included all suspected stroke/TIA cases ≥18 years who called the National Ambulance Service from 2018 to 2021.

results40 004 cases were included: 19 826 in the pre-COVID-19 period and 19 731 in the COVID-19 period. All ambulance time intervals increased during the pandemic period compared with pre-COVID-19 (p<0.001). Call volume increased during the COVID-19-period compared with the pre-COVID-19 period (p<0.001).

conclusionsA 'shock' like a pandemic has a negative impact on the prehospital phase of care for time-sensitive conditions like stroke/TIA. System evaluation and public awareness campaigns are required to ensure maintenance of prehospital stroke pathways amidst future healthcare crises. Thus, this research is relevant to routine and extraordinary prehospital service planning.

Indexed as

COVID-19Ischemic Attack, TransientStrokeAdultAmbulancesHumansIrelandPandemicsACCIDENT & EMERGENCY MEDICINECOVID-19EPIDEMIOLOGYStroke

Identifiers

PMID38508613
PMCPMC10961584
OpenAlexW4393024906

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.