Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38520638›Full record

ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2024

Prediction model for mild cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes using the autonomic function test.

Heeyoung Kang, Juhyeon Kim, Minkyeong Kim, Jin Hyun Kim, Gu Seob Roh, Soo Kyoung Kim

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Heeyoung KangDepartment of Neurology, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Korea.
Juhyeon KimDepartment of Neurology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea.
Minkyeong KimDepartment of Neurology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea.
Jin Hyun KimBiomedical Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea.
Gu Seob RohDepartment of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
Soo Kyoung KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Korea. 9854008@naver.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7230-4033
Gyeongsang National University Hospital · KRGyeongsang National University · KR

Funding

Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea 2021R1A2C2093913Lee Jung Ja research grant of Gyeongsang National University Hospital LJJ-GNUH_2018-005Neurological Disorder Research Program of the National Research Foundation by the Korean Government 2020M3E5D9080663
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for cognitive impairment, and reduced heart rate variability (HRV) has been correlated with cognitive impairment in elderly individuals. This study investigated risk factors and validated a predictive model for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with T2DM using an autonomic function test.

methodsPatients with T2DM, 50-85 years of age, who attended the diabetes clinic at Gyeongsang National University Hospital between March 2018 and December 2019, were included. A total of 201 patients had been screened; we enrolled 124 patients according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria in this study. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Korean version (MOCA-K); MCI was defined as a total MOCA-K score ≤ 23. Risk factors for MCI in patients with T2DM, including demographic- and diabetes-related factors, and autonomic function test results, were analyzed. Based on multivariate logistic regression, a nomogram was developed as a prediction model for MCI.

resultsThirty-nine of 124 patients were diagnosed with MCI. Age, education, and decreased cardiovagal function were associated with a high risk for MCI, with cardiovagal function exerting the greatest influence. However, diabetes-related factors, such as glycemic control, duration of diabetes, or medications, were not associated with the risk for MCI. The nomogram demonstrated excellent discrimination (area under the curve, 0.832) and was well calibrated.

conclusionApproximately one-third of patients had MCI; as such, carefully evaluating cognitive function in elderly T2DM patients with reduced HRV is important to prevent progression to dementia.

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2AgedAged, 80 and overAutonomic Nervous SystemFemaleHeart RateHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsAutonomic nervous systemDiabetes mellitusHeart rate variabilityMild cognitive impairment

Identifiers

PMID38520638
OpenAlexW4393115660

What Socratic holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.