ReviewMolecular psychiatry2024
Immunophenotypes in psychosis: is it a premature inflamm-aging disorder?
Review in Molecular psychiatry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heterogeneity of composite inflammatory markers in acute schizophrenia: stratification by age, gender, and age at onset.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Epigenetic Age Accelerations and the Clinical Presentation of Bipolar Disorders: A Latent Profile Analysis in the FACE-BD Sample.Bipolar disorders · 2026Article
- Identification of hub genes involved in early-onset schizophrenia: from genetic susceptibility to predicted regulated gene expression.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Psychosis as a multisystem disorder of aberrant aging.npj aging · 2026Review
- Serum LBP and zonulin levels with brain MRS findings and gastrointestinal symptoms in schizophrenia and health.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Dysregulated miRNAs and downstream gene expression associated with poor treatment response in first-episode psychosis.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Peripheral immune system activity in young psychiatry patients.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory effects of amisulpride on mammalian macrophages.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Peripheral immune and kynurenine profiles are associated with cognitive change during early treatment of first-episode schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Exploration of Novel Biomarkers Through a Precision Medicine Approach Using Multi-Omics and Brain Organoids in Patients With Atypical Depression and Psychotic Symptoms.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Association between metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, inflammation and cognitive dysfunctions in schizophrenia: a cross-sectional analysis.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Using Multi-Omic Signatures in the Understanding of Inflammation and Psychosis: Can Methylation-Derived White Blood Cell Proportions Guide Early Intervention?Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- Sex-specific associations between Neutrophil-Percentage-to-Albumin Ratio(NPAR) and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) with positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Minor immunomodulatory effects of psychotropics suggested in severe mental disorders: Associations of antipsychotics with beta defensin 2, antidepressants with C-reactive protein, and mood stabilizers with soluble interleukin 2 receptor.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Article
- Immunosenescence-related T cell phenotypes, structural brain imaging, and cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia: a moderated mediation analysis.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Limited evidence of association between dysregulated immune marker levels and telomere length in severe mental disorders.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2025Article
- Identification of Hub Genes Involved in Early-onset Schizophrenia: From Genetic Susceptibility to Predicted Regulated Gene Expression.Research square · 2025Article
- Schizophrenia-associated alterations in fecal mycobiota and systemic immune dysfunction: a cohort study of elderly Chinese patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Differences in total and differential white blood cell counts and in inflammatory parameters between psychiatric inpatients with and without recent consumption of cannabinoids, opioids, or cocaine: A retrospective single-center study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Multimorbidity in Severe Mental Illness as Part of the Neurodevelopmental Continuum: Physical Health-Related Endophenotypes of Schizophrenia-A Narrative Review.Brain sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Immunopsychiatric field has rapidly accumulated evidence demonstrating the involvement of both innate and adaptive immune components in psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia. Nevertheless, researchers are facing dilemmas of discrepant findings of immunophenotypes both outside and inside the brains of psychotic patients, as discovered by recent meta-analyses. These discrepancies make interpretations and interrogations on their roles in psychosis remain vague and even controversial, regarding whether certain immune cells are more activated or less so, and whether they are causal or consequential, or beneficial or harmful for psychosis. Addressing these issues for psychosis is not at all trivial, as immune cells either outside or inside the brain are an enormously heterogeneous and plastic cell population, falling into a vast range of lineages and subgroups, and functioning differently and malleably in context-dependent manners. This review aims to overview the currently known immunophenotypes of patients with psychosis, and provocatively suggest the premature immune "burnout" or inflamm-aging initiated since organ development as a potential primary mechanism behind these immunophenotypes and the pathogenesis of psychotic disorders.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.