Evidence mapPaperPMID 38575340Full record

ReviewRenal failure2024

Adenine-induced animal model of chronic kidney disease: current applications and future perspectives.

Qiao Yang, Songya Su, Nan Luo, Gang Cao

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Renal failure, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
22.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. GPR183 contributes to renal macrophage infiltration and fibrosis in kidney injury.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Heat-KilledJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Advances in Research on Models of Oligoasthenozoospermia.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Qiao YangSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0480-6146
Songya SuSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
Nan LuoSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
Gang CaoSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
Zhejiang Chinese Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) with high morbidity and mortality all over the world is characterized by decreased kidney function, a condition which can result from numerous risk factors, including diabetes, hypertension and obesity. Despite significant advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of CKD, there are still no treatments that can effectively combat CKD, which underscores the urgent need for further study into the pathological mechanisms underlying this condition. In this regard, animal models of CKD are indispensable. This article reviews a widely used animal model of CKD, which is induced by adenine. While a physiologic dose of adenine is beneficial in terms of biological activity, a high dose of adenine is known to induce renal disease in the organism. Following a brief description of the procedure for disease induction by adenine, major mechanisms of adenine-induced CKD are then reviewed, including inflammation, oxidative stress, programmed cell death, metabolic disorders, and fibrillation. Finally, the application and future perspective of this adenine-induced CKD model as a platform for testing the efficacy of a variety of therapeutic approaches is also discussed. Given the simplicity and reproducibility of this animal model, it remains a valuable tool for studying the pathological mechanisms of CKD and identifying therapeutic targets to fight CKD.

Indexed as

KidneyRenal Insufficiency, ChronicAdenineAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalReproducibility of ResultsAdenineadenineChronic kidney diseasefibroblast/myofibroblast activationinflammationsmetabolic disordersoxidative stressprogrammed cell death

Identifiers

PMID38575340
PMCPMC10997364
OpenAlexW4394740672

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.