ArticleScientific reports2024
Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis unveils THEMIS2 as a carcinogenic indicator related to immune infiltration and prognosis of thyroid cancer.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Precision Thyroid Oncology: A Review of Multi-Omics Biomarkers and Spatiotemporal Technologies.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Bioinformatics analysis reveals C5AR1's impact on thyroid cancer development via immune infiltration.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Unveiling CCR9 and CCL13 as immune biomarkers and therapeutic targets in thymoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Thyroid differentiation score-related genes and prognostic model for thyroid cancer.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Development of macrophage M2 relate signature for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in ovarian cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify biomarkers associated with the initiation and prognosis of thyroid cancer and elucidate the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. We obtained expression profiles and clinical information from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-THCA and three datasets (GSE53157, GSE82208, and GSE76039). The three microarray datasets were combined using Perl and the sva package in R and termed 'merged dataset'. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified 15 gene co-expression modules in the merged dataset and 235 hub genes. Venn diagram analysis revealed 232 overlapping genes between the merged and THCA datasets. Overlapping genes were subjected to gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression identified THEMIS2 as a candidate hub gene. Cox, Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) confirmed the correlation of THEMIS2 with overall survival, its enrichment in immunologic processes, and its association with the p53 and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Its expression was positively correlated with those of immune checkpoints and the infiltration level of immune cells. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis confirmed that THEMIS2, a diagnostic biomarker, could distinguish between tumor and normal specimens. The nomogram (ROC or DCA) model containing THEMIS2, age, and stage predicted favourable prognoses. Thus, THEMIS2 was a biomarker of immune infiltration and prognosis in thyroid cancer.
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