ReviewNature reviews. Clinical oncology2024
Antiangiogenic-immune-checkpoint inhibitor combinations: lessons from phase III clinical trials.
Review in Nature reviews. Clinical oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with multi-targeted anti-angiogenic TKIs in advanced or metastatic NSCLC: A meta-analysis based on RCTs.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with antiangiogenic agents in advanced cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- COMMIT: A Randomized Study of mFOLFOX6/Bevacizumab/Atezolizumab or Atezolizumab Alone as First-Line Treatment of Deficient DNA Mismatch Repair Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026Trial
- Anti-PD-1 plus nab-paclitaxel and bevacizumab for second-line treatment of cancer of unknown primary (Fudan CUP-002): a phase II trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Cabozantinib and atezolizumab for recurrent or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after platinum-based chemotherapy failure: a single-arm phase II study and biomarker analysis.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Trial
- Three-Year Follow-Up of the Phase II Trial for Resectable Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Perioperative Sintilimab and Neoadjuvant Anlotinib Plus Chemotherapy: TD-NeoFOUR Trial.Thoracic cancer · 2025Trial
- Article
- Integrin inhibition differentially remodels vascular networks in lung metastases driven by vessel co-option or angiogenesis.Angiogenesis · 2026Article
- Review
- T cell-nanodrug conjugates synchronize vascular normalization and immune activation for solid tumor therapy.Science advances · 2026Article
- Review
- Targeted nanoparticles with triggered lysosomal escape enable anti-angiogenic immunotherapy for peritoneal metastatic colorectal cancer.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Article
- Review
- Naringin promotes angiogenesis in bone fracture healing via TAS2R39-CaJournal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Hypoxia shapes both therapeutic response and resistance in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Cancer cell · 2026Article
- Targeting non-canonical antigens unlocks functional T-cell responses in renal cell carcinoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- VEGF-A blockade overcomes liver metastases resistance to chemoimmunotherapy in patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- An epigenetic switch in vascular phenotype augments anti-tumor immunity.Angiogenesis · 2026Article
- Review
- Impact of Sequential Ramucirumab Plus Docetaxel After PD-1 Inhibitors on Anti-PD-1 Antibody-Bound T-Cell Dynamics and Clinical Outcomes.Cancer science · 2026Observational
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antiangiogenic agents, generally antibodies or tyrosine-kinase inhibitors that target the VEGF-VEGFR pathway, are currently among the few combination partners clinically proven to improve the efficacy of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This benefit has been demonstrated in pivotal phase III trials across different cancer types, some with practice-changing results; however, numerous phase III trials have also had negative results. The rationale for using antiangiogenic drugs as partners for ICIs relies primarily on blocking the multiple immunosuppressive effects of VEGF and inducing several different vascular-modulating effects that can stimulate immunity, such as vascular normalization leading to increased intratumoural blood perfusion and flow, and inhibition of pro-apoptotic effects of endothelial cells on T cells, among others. Conversely, VEGF blockade can also cause changes that suppress antitumour immunity, such as increased tumour hypoxia, and reduced intratumoural ingress of co-administered ICIs. As a result, the net clinical benefits from antiangiogenic-ICI combinations will be determined by the balance between the opposing effects of VEGF signalling and its inhibition on the antitumour immune response. In this Perspective, we summarize the results from the currently completed phase III trials evaluating antiangiogenic agent-ICI combinations. We also discuss strategies to improve the efficacy of these combinations, focusing on aspects that include the deleterious functions of VEGF-VEGFR inhibition on antitumour immunity, vessel co-option as a driver of non-angiogenic tumour growth, clinical trial design, or the rationale for drug selection, dosing and scheduling.
Indexed as
Identifiers
38600370What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.