ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
The Influence of Microglia on Neuroplasticity and Long-Term Cognitive Sequelae in Long COVID: Impacts on Brain Development and Beyond.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular, cellular and network mapping of brain structural deviations in patients with Post-COVID19 syndrome.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Impact of tongue exercise on hypoglossal axis survival, structure, and output in a rodent model of hypoglossal motor neuron degeneration.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of long COVID.Virology journal · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammatory Aspects of Early Life Malnutrition and the Impacts on the Refinement of Neural Circuitry and Plasticity.Neuroimmunomodulation · 2026Review
- Microglia-Targeted Nanotherapeutics in Major Depressive Disorder: An Integrative Perspective on Neuroinflammation and Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV-2 spike triggers TLR7-dependent endolysosome dysfunction and senescence in human astrocytes.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Global and Sex-Stratified Genome-Wide Association Study of Long COVID Based on Patient-Driven Symptom Recall.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- CX3CR1-TLR4 Axis as a Shared Neuroimmune Target in COVID-19 and Epilepsy: Integrative Transcriptomics and Gabapentin Repositioning.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Neuroimaging and Emotional Development in the Pediatric Population: Understanding the Link Between the Brain, Emotions, and Behavior.Pediatric reports · 2025Review
- Integrated multi-sample transcriptomic analysis of COVID-19 patients against controls using a bioinformatics pipeline.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Molecular Mechanisms of Cognitive Dysfunction in Long COVID: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Special Issue: Recent Advances in Microglia Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Neuro-immune-tumor axis in gliomas: a review of mechanisms, models, and translational opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Necroptosis of hippocampal neurons in paclitaxel chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment mediates microglial activation via TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2025Article
- Neuroinvasive and neurovirulent potential of SARS-CoV-2 in the acute and post-acute phase of intranasally inoculated ferrets.PloS one · 2025Article
- Review
- Unraveling the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein long-term effect on neuro-PASC.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Microglial cells, the immune cells of the central nervous system, are key elements regulating brain development and brain health. These cells are fully responsive to stressors, microenvironmental alterations and are actively involved in the construction of neural circuits in children and the ability to undergo full experience-dependent plasticity in adults. Since neuroinflammation is a known key element in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, one might expect the dysregulation of microglial function to severely impact both functional and structural plasticity, leading to the cognitive sequelae that appear in the pathogenesis of Long COVID. Therefore, understanding this complex scenario is mandatory for establishing the possible molecular mechanisms related to these symptoms. In the present review, we will discuss Long COVID and its association with reduced levels of BDNF, altered crosstalk between circulating immune cells and microglia, increased levels of inflammasomes, cytokines and chemokines, as well as the alterations in signaling pathways that impact neural synaptic remodeling and plasticity, such as fractalkines, the complement system, the expression of SIRPα and CD47 molecules and altered matrix remodeling. Together, these complex mechanisms may help us understand consequences of Long COVID for brain development and its association with altered brain plasticity, impacting learning disabilities, neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as cognitive decline in adults.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.