ArticleEuropean radiology2024
Outcome of bleomycin electrosclerotherapy of slow-flow malformations in adults and children.
Article in European radiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Electrochemotherapy in pediatrics: a systematic review.European radiology · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness and Safety of Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy for Slow-Flow Vascular Malformations: A Systematic Review.Cardiovascular and interventional radiology · 2026Pooled it
- Simply the (B)EST: what the interventionalist needs to know about (bleomycin) electrosclerotherapy for vascular anomalies.European radiology · 2026Pooled it
- Research trends and hotspots in sclerotherapy for vascular malformations: bibliometric and visual analyses.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Pooled it
- Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy and Skin Hyperpigmentation in Slow-flow Vascular Malformations: A Retrospective Monocentric Analysis.RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin · 2026Article
- Clinical outcomes of bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) for the treatment of slow-flow vascular malformations (SFVMs): a UK single-centre experience.CVIR endovascular · 2026Article
- Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy (BEST) for treatment of slow-flow vascular malformations in children.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Bleomycin ElectroScleroTherapy (BEST): mechanistic parallels to electrochemotherapy, experimental models, and unresolved questions.Radiology and oncology · 2026Review
- The Rising Power of Electrochemotherapy in Musculoskeletal Oncology.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Prospective analysis of bleomycin electrosclerotherapy for clinical outcome and volume reduction in therapy refractory slow-flow malformations.CVIR endovascular · 2025Article
- Electrochemotherapy in the Management of Vascular Malformations: An Updated Systematic Review.Clinics and practice · 2025Review
- Combining Reversible Electroporation and Bleomycin in Treatment of Arteriovenous Malformations.Cardiovascular and interventional radiology · 2025Article
- Large language models for patient education prior to interventional radiology procedures: a comparative study.CVIR endovascular · 2025Article
- The Role of Bleomycin Sclerotherapy in Venous Malformation Management: A Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Safety and Clinical Outcome of Bleomycin-Electrosclerotherapy (BEST) Treating Lymphatic Malformations (LMs).Cardiovascular and interventional radiology · 2025Article
- Percutaneous image-guided cryoablation of venous malformation and fibro-adipose vascular anomaly: prognostic factors of clinical efficacy.European radiology · 2025Article
- Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy for Peripheral Low-Flow Venous and Lymphatic Malformations in Children: A Monocentric Case Series.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in Interventional Management of Extracranial Vascular Malformations in Children.Seminars in interventional radiology · 2025Review
- Bleomycin Electrosclerotherapy (BEST) for Slow-Flow Malformations of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Bleomycin-Electrosclerotherapy in the treatment of superficial slow-flow vascular malformations of head and neck.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo evaluate the safety and clinical outcome of bleomycin electrosclerotherapy (BEST) for treating extracranial slow-flow malformations.
methodsIn this retrospective investigation of a multicenter cohort presenting symptomatic slow-flow malformations, patient records were analyzed with respect to procedural details and complications. A treatment-specific, patient-reported questionnaire was additionally evaluated, obtained 3-12 months after the last treatment, to assess the subjective outcomes, including mobility, aesthetic aspects, and pain, as well as the occurrence of postprocedural skin hyperpigmentation. All outcome parameters were compared according to patients' age.
resultsOverall, 325 BEST treatments were performed in 233 patients after intralesional and/or intravenous bleomycin injection. The total complication rate was 10.2% (33/325), including 29/352 (8.9%) major complications. Patient-reported mobility decreased in 10/133 (8.8%), was stable in 30/113 (26.5%), improved in 48/113 (42.5%), and was rated symptom-free in 25/113 (22.1%) patients. Aesthetic aspects were rated impaired compared to baseline in 19/113 (16.8%), stable in 21/133 (18.6%), improved in 62/113 (54.9%), and perfect in 11/133 (9.7%) patients. Postprocedural skin hyperpigmentation occurred in 78/113 (69%) patients, remaining unchanged in 24/78 (30.8%), reduced in 51/78 (65.5%), and completely resolved in 3/78 (3.8%) patients. The median VAS pain scale was 4.0 (0-10) preprocedural and 2.0 (0-9) postprocedural. Children/adolescents performed significantly better in all parameters compared to adults (≥ 16 years) (mobility, p = 0.011; aesthetic aspects, p < 0.001; pain, p < 0.001).
conclusionsBEST is effective for treating slow-flow vascular malformations, with few but potentially significant major complications. Regarding patient-reported outcomes, children seem to benefit better compared to older patients, suggesting that BEST should not be restricted to adults. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: Bleomycin electrosclerotherapy is a safe and effective approach and therapy should not be restricted to adults due to good clinical outcomes in children.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.