ArticleExperimental and therapeutic medicine2024
Investigation of autophagy‑related genes and immune infiltration in calcific aortic valve disease: A bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.
Article in Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring associations between estrogen and gene candidates identified by coronary artery disease genome-wide association studies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Integrated bioinformatic analysis and experiments reveal EFEMP1 as a novel aging-related signature gene in calcific aortic valve disease.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Mechanisms by which carbamoylated high-density lipoprotein (C-HDL) promotes calcific aortic valve disease and exploration of potential targeted therapies.Open life sciences · 2026Article
- Multiomics identification of ALDH9A1 as a crucial immunoregulatory molecule involved in calcific aortic valve disease.Scientific reports · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The present study aimed to elucidate the role of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) in calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) and their potential interactions with immune infiltration via experimental verification and bioinformatics analysis. A total of three microarray datasets (GSE12644, GSE51472 and GSE77287) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and gene set enrichment analysis was performed to identify the relationship between autophagy and CAVD. After differentially expressed genes and differentially expressed ARGs (DEARGs) were identified using CAVD samples and normal aortic valve samples, a functional analysis was performed, including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses, protein-protein interaction network construction, hub gene identification and validation, immune infiltration and drug prediction. The results of the present study indicated a significant relationship between autophagy and CAVD. A total of 46 DEARGs were identified. GO and pathway enrichment analyses revealed the complex roles of DEARGs in regulating CAVD, including multiple gene functions and pathways. A total of 10 hub genes were identified, with three (SPP1, CXCL12 and CXCR4) consistently upregulated in CAVD samples compared with normal aortic valve samples in multiple datasets and experimental validation. Immune infiltration analyses demonstrated significant differences in immune cell proportions between CAVD samples and normal aortic valve samples, thus showing the crucial role of immune infiltration in CAVD development. Furthermore, therapeutic drugs were predicted that could target the identified hub genes, including bisphenol A, resveratrol, progesterone and estradiol. In summary, the present study illuminated the crucial role of autophagy in CAVD development and identified key ARGs as potential therapeutic targets. In addition, the observed immune cell infiltration and predicted autophagy-related drugs suggest promising avenues for future research and novel CAVD treatments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.