Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38635667›Full record

ReviewTopics in cognitive science2025

Neural Generative Models and the Parallel Architecture of Language: A Critical Review and Outlook.

Giulia Rambelli, Emmanuele Chersoni, Davide Testa, Philippe Blache, Alessandro Lenci

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Topics in cognitive science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Giulia RambelliDepartment of Modern Languages, Literatures, and Cultures, University of Bologna.ORCID 0000-0003-3379-6941
Emmanuele ChersoniDepartment of Chinese and Bilingual Studies, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University.ORCID 0000-0001-8742-0451
Davide TestaFondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento.ORCID 0009-0002-2489-5323
Philippe BlacheLaboratoire Parole et Langage, CNRS.
Alessandro LenciDepartment of Philology, Literature, and Linguistics, University of Pisa.ORCID 0000-0001-5790-4308
Fondazione Bruno Kessler · ITHong Kong Polytechnic University · HKLaboratoire Parole et Langage · FRUniversity of Bologna · ITUniversity of Pisa · IT

Funding

European CommissionPROCORE France/Hong Kong Joint Research Scheme F-PolyU501/21Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee PolyU 15612222x
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

According to the parallel architecture, syntactic and semantic information processing are two separate streams that interact selectively during language comprehension. While considerable effort is put into psycho- and neurolinguistics to understand the interchange of processing mechanisms in human comprehension, the nature of this interaction in recent neural Large Language Models remains elusive. In this article, we revisit influential linguistic and behavioral experiments and evaluate the ability of a large language model, GPT-3, to perform these tasks. The model can solve semantic tasks autonomously from syntactic realization in a manner that resembles human behavior. However, the outcomes present a complex and variegated picture, leaving open the question of how Language Models could learn structured conceptual representations.

Indexed as

ComprehensionLanguageModels, NeurologicalHumansPsycholinguisticsSemanticsEnriched compositionGPT‐3 promptingNeural large language modelsParallel architectureSemantic compositionStatistical learningSyntax‐semantics interface

Identifiers

PMID38635667
PMCPMC12560852
OpenAlexW4394910359

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.