Trial reportDiabetes care2024
Effect of 5:2 Regimens: Energy-Restricted Diet or Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Training Combined With Resistance Exercise on Glycemic Control and Cardiometabolic Health in Adults With Overweight/Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: A Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- A bibliometric analysis of research on the anti-obesity effects of curcumin from 2006 to 2025: knowledge structure, research hotspots, and evolution of frontiers.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative effectiveness of various combined interventions for type 2 diabetes and obesity: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Metabolomic signatures of hepatic steatosis reveal heterogeneity in cardiometabolic risk and responses to lifestyle interventions in type 2 diabetes: a post hoc analysis.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Trial
- Intermittent fasting to treat diabetes: time to update clinical practice guidelines.The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2026Review
- Underlying mechanisms of exercise protection against diabetes mellitus: a narrative review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Sleep patterns, physical activity and glycemic control in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients from a joint perspective: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Intermittent energy restriction and risk of physician-diagnosed diabetes progression: a propensity-weighted real-world cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Microbiota-host crosstalk: the role of short-term dietary restriction in neurological and metabolic dysregulation.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Weight management for overweight and obese adolescents: Current treatments.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Review
- Effectiveness of Calorie Restriction for Weight Loss in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- Real-world effect of intermittent calorie-restricted diet on type 2 diabetes remission: a dual-cohort retrospective study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Molecular crosstalk in perivascular adipose tissue: mechanisms of inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and therapeutic opportunities in cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Various Intermittent Fasting Regimens in Alleviating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Prediabetes: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Effect of 5:2 intermittent fasting diet versus daily calorie restriction eating on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease-a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
30 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWe aimed to examine the effects of a 5:2 diet (2 days per week of energy restriction by formula diet) or an exercise (2 days per week of high-intensity interval training and resistance training) intervention compared with routine lifestyle education (control) on glycemic control and cardiometabolic health among adults with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsThis two-center, open-label, three-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial recruited 326 participants with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes and randomized them into 12 weeks of diet intervention (n = 109), exercise intervention (n = 108), or lifestyle education (control) (n = 109). The primary outcome was the change of glycemic control measured as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) between the diet or exercise intervention groups and the control group after the 12-week intervention.
resultsThe diet intervention significantly reduced HbA1c level (%) after the 12-week intervention (-0.72, 95% CI -0.95 to -0.48) compared with the control group (-0.37, 95% CI -0.60 to -0.15) (diet vs. control -0.34, 95% CI -0.58 to -0.11, P = 0.007). The reduction in HbA1c level in the exercise intervention group (-0.46, 95% CI -0.70 to -0.23) did not significantly differ from the control group (exercise vs. control -0.09, 95% CI -0.32 to 0.15, P = 0.47). The exercise intervention group was superior in maintaining lean body mass. Both diet and exercise interventions induced improvements in adiposity and hepatic steatosis.
conclusionsThese findings suggest that the medically supervised 5:2 energy-restricted diet could provide an alternative strategy for improving glycemic control and that the exercise regimen could improve body composition, although it inadequately improved glycemic control.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.